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Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services for Smoking Cessation: An Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study
Smoking is the main preventable cause of illness and early death worldwide. Thus, it is better to promote smoking cessation than to treat tobacco-related diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the implementation and effectiveness of smoking cessation pharmaceutical services offered in p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9566807/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36231605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912305 |
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author | Laborne-e-Valle, Maria Eduarda Pinheiro Ahouagi, Ana Emília de Oliveira Braga, Debora Gontijo Pinto, Isabela Vaz Leite Lara-Júnior, Célio Rezende Ferreira, Sabrina Gonçalves Blunk, Paula de Fátima Fernandes Reis, Adriano Max Moreira Reis, Edna Afonso Ramalho-de-Oliveira, Djenane do Nascimento, Mariana Martins Gonzaga |
author_facet | Laborne-e-Valle, Maria Eduarda Pinheiro Ahouagi, Ana Emília de Oliveira Braga, Debora Gontijo Pinto, Isabela Vaz Leite Lara-Júnior, Célio Rezende Ferreira, Sabrina Gonçalves Blunk, Paula de Fátima Fernandes Reis, Adriano Max Moreira Reis, Edna Afonso Ramalho-de-Oliveira, Djenane do Nascimento, Mariana Martins Gonzaga |
author_sort | Laborne-e-Valle, Maria Eduarda Pinheiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | Smoking is the main preventable cause of illness and early death worldwide. Thus, it is better to promote smoking cessation than to treat tobacco-related diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the implementation and effectiveness of smoking cessation pharmaceutical services offered in primary health care (PHC) in a large Brazilian city through a type 1 effectiveness–implementation hybrid study. The services were offered through individual or group approaches (Jan/2018–Dec/2019). The service indicators were described and the incidence of cessation in the services was evaluated. Factors associated with cessation were assessed by Poisson regression analysis. The services were offered in most PHC centers (61.2%) and by most pharmacists (81.3%). In total, 170 individual (9.7%) and 1591 group (90.3%) approaches occurred, leading to cessation in 39.4% (n = 67) and 44.8% (n = 712) of these, respectively. The use of nicotine plus antidepressants (RR = 1.30; 95%CI = 1.08–1.57; p = 0.006) and the number of sessions with pharmacists (RR = 1.21; 95%CI = 1.19–1.23; p < 0.001) were positively associated with cessation; a very high level of dependence was negatively associated (RR = 0.77; 95%CI = 0.67–0.89; p = 0.001). The smoking cessation services were effective and should be encouraged. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9566807 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95668072022-10-15 Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services for Smoking Cessation: An Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study Laborne-e-Valle, Maria Eduarda Pinheiro Ahouagi, Ana Emília de Oliveira Braga, Debora Gontijo Pinto, Isabela Vaz Leite Lara-Júnior, Célio Rezende Ferreira, Sabrina Gonçalves Blunk, Paula de Fátima Fernandes Reis, Adriano Max Moreira Reis, Edna Afonso Ramalho-de-Oliveira, Djenane do Nascimento, Mariana Martins Gonzaga Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Smoking is the main preventable cause of illness and early death worldwide. Thus, it is better to promote smoking cessation than to treat tobacco-related diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the implementation and effectiveness of smoking cessation pharmaceutical services offered in primary health care (PHC) in a large Brazilian city through a type 1 effectiveness–implementation hybrid study. The services were offered through individual or group approaches (Jan/2018–Dec/2019). The service indicators were described and the incidence of cessation in the services was evaluated. Factors associated with cessation were assessed by Poisson regression analysis. The services were offered in most PHC centers (61.2%) and by most pharmacists (81.3%). In total, 170 individual (9.7%) and 1591 group (90.3%) approaches occurred, leading to cessation in 39.4% (n = 67) and 44.8% (n = 712) of these, respectively. The use of nicotine plus antidepressants (RR = 1.30; 95%CI = 1.08–1.57; p = 0.006) and the number of sessions with pharmacists (RR = 1.21; 95%CI = 1.19–1.23; p < 0.001) were positively associated with cessation; a very high level of dependence was negatively associated (RR = 0.77; 95%CI = 0.67–0.89; p = 0.001). The smoking cessation services were effective and should be encouraged. MDPI 2022-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9566807/ /pubmed/36231605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912305 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Laborne-e-Valle, Maria Eduarda Pinheiro Ahouagi, Ana Emília de Oliveira Braga, Debora Gontijo Pinto, Isabela Vaz Leite Lara-Júnior, Célio Rezende Ferreira, Sabrina Gonçalves Blunk, Paula de Fátima Fernandes Reis, Adriano Max Moreira Reis, Edna Afonso Ramalho-de-Oliveira, Djenane do Nascimento, Mariana Martins Gonzaga Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services for Smoking Cessation: An Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study |
title | Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services for Smoking Cessation: An Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study |
title_full | Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services for Smoking Cessation: An Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study |
title_fullStr | Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services for Smoking Cessation: An Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services for Smoking Cessation: An Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study |
title_short | Assessment of Pharmaceutical Services for Smoking Cessation: An Effectiveness–Implementation Hybrid Study |
title_sort | assessment of pharmaceutical services for smoking cessation: an effectiveness–implementation hybrid study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9566807/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36231605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912305 |
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