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Evaluation of Free Light Chains (FLCs) Synthesis in Response to Exposure to SARS-CoV-2

The aim of this study is to assess the synthesis of kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) free light chains (FLCs) in the serum of patients with COVID-19. All the 120 serum samples were collected from patients with COVID-19 and from healthy controls (vaccinated and non-vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2). FLCs, IgG t...

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Autores principales: Gudowska-Sawczuk, Monika, Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna, Pączek, Sara, Guziejko, Katarzyna, Chorąży, Monika, Mroczko, Barbara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9569841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36232891
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911589
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author Gudowska-Sawczuk, Monika
Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna
Pączek, Sara
Guziejko, Katarzyna
Chorąży, Monika
Mroczko, Barbara
author_facet Gudowska-Sawczuk, Monika
Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna
Pączek, Sara
Guziejko, Katarzyna
Chorąży, Monika
Mroczko, Barbara
author_sort Gudowska-Sawczuk, Monika
collection PubMed
description The aim of this study is to assess the synthesis of kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) free light chains (FLCs) in the serum of patients with COVID-19. All the 120 serum samples were collected from patients with COVID-19 and from healthy controls (vaccinated and non-vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2). FLCs, IgG total, IgG4, IgG anti-Nucleocapsid (N), anti-spike S1 receptor binding domain (S-RBD) antibodies and IL-6 were measured according to the manufacturers’ instructions. The concentrations of anti-N IgG, IgG total, IgG4 and IL-6 were elevated in the COVID-19 group in comparison to the vaccinated and non-vaccinated controls. The levels of anti-S-RBD IgG and κFLC were increased in COVID-19 and healthy vaccinated patients when compared to non-vaccinated controls. λFLC concentration was higher in the COVID-19 group than in the non-vaccinated group. The κ:λ ratio was lower in both COVID-19 and non-vaccinated groups in comparison to vaccinated controls. κFLC correlated with all tested parameters (anti-S-RBD IgG, anti-N IgG, λFLC, κ:λ ratio, IgG total, IgG4 and IL-6) except CRP, whereas λFLC correlated with all examined parameters except IgG4. Elevated levels of FLCs in COVID-19 and healthy vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 patients, as well as the correlation between free light chains with specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and IL-6, reflect hyperactivation of the immune system after contact with coronavirus. Furthermore, it seems that serum levels of FLCs might be used as predictive markers of COVID-19. Our findings suggest that free light chains are involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, understanding the exact mechanism requires further investigation.
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spelling pubmed-95698412022-10-17 Evaluation of Free Light Chains (FLCs) Synthesis in Response to Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 Gudowska-Sawczuk, Monika Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna Pączek, Sara Guziejko, Katarzyna Chorąży, Monika Mroczko, Barbara Int J Mol Sci Article The aim of this study is to assess the synthesis of kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) free light chains (FLCs) in the serum of patients with COVID-19. All the 120 serum samples were collected from patients with COVID-19 and from healthy controls (vaccinated and non-vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2). FLCs, IgG total, IgG4, IgG anti-Nucleocapsid (N), anti-spike S1 receptor binding domain (S-RBD) antibodies and IL-6 were measured according to the manufacturers’ instructions. The concentrations of anti-N IgG, IgG total, IgG4 and IL-6 were elevated in the COVID-19 group in comparison to the vaccinated and non-vaccinated controls. The levels of anti-S-RBD IgG and κFLC were increased in COVID-19 and healthy vaccinated patients when compared to non-vaccinated controls. λFLC concentration was higher in the COVID-19 group than in the non-vaccinated group. The κ:λ ratio was lower in both COVID-19 and non-vaccinated groups in comparison to vaccinated controls. κFLC correlated with all tested parameters (anti-S-RBD IgG, anti-N IgG, λFLC, κ:λ ratio, IgG total, IgG4 and IL-6) except CRP, whereas λFLC correlated with all examined parameters except IgG4. Elevated levels of FLCs in COVID-19 and healthy vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 patients, as well as the correlation between free light chains with specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and IL-6, reflect hyperactivation of the immune system after contact with coronavirus. Furthermore, it seems that serum levels of FLCs might be used as predictive markers of COVID-19. Our findings suggest that free light chains are involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, understanding the exact mechanism requires further investigation. MDPI 2022-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9569841/ /pubmed/36232891 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911589 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gudowska-Sawczuk, Monika
Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna
Pączek, Sara
Guziejko, Katarzyna
Chorąży, Monika
Mroczko, Barbara
Evaluation of Free Light Chains (FLCs) Synthesis in Response to Exposure to SARS-CoV-2
title Evaluation of Free Light Chains (FLCs) Synthesis in Response to Exposure to SARS-CoV-2
title_full Evaluation of Free Light Chains (FLCs) Synthesis in Response to Exposure to SARS-CoV-2
title_fullStr Evaluation of Free Light Chains (FLCs) Synthesis in Response to Exposure to SARS-CoV-2
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of Free Light Chains (FLCs) Synthesis in Response to Exposure to SARS-CoV-2
title_short Evaluation of Free Light Chains (FLCs) Synthesis in Response to Exposure to SARS-CoV-2
title_sort evaluation of free light chains (flcs) synthesis in response to exposure to sars-cov-2
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9569841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36232891
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911589
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