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Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk
In the present study, we aimed at assessing the influence of breed and feeding system on the bovine milk profile of betaines and carnitines and milk capacity in counteracting the inflammatory endothelial cell (EC) damage induced by interleukin (IL)-6. In the first experimental design, two breeds wer...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9569879/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36232386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911088 |
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author | Salzano, Angela Di Meo, Maria Chiara D’Onofrio, Nunzia Bifulco, Giovanna Cotticelli, Alessio Licitra, Francesca Iraci Fuintino, Antonio Cascone, Giuseppe Balestrieri, Maria Luisa Varricchio, Ettore Campanile, Giuseppe |
author_facet | Salzano, Angela Di Meo, Maria Chiara D’Onofrio, Nunzia Bifulco, Giovanna Cotticelli, Alessio Licitra, Francesca Iraci Fuintino, Antonio Cascone, Giuseppe Balestrieri, Maria Luisa Varricchio, Ettore Campanile, Giuseppe |
author_sort | Salzano, Angela |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the present study, we aimed at assessing the influence of breed and feeding system on the bovine milk profile of betaines and carnitines and milk capacity in counteracting the inflammatory endothelial cell (EC) damage induced by interleukin (IL)-6. In the first experimental design, two breeds were chosen (Holstein vs. Modicana) to investigate the biomolecule content and antioxidant capacity in milk and dairy products. In the second experimental design, two feeding systems (pasture vs. total mixed ratio) were tested only in Holstein to evaluate the possible effect on the functional profile of milk and dairy products. Finally, the bulk milk from the two experimental designs was used to evaluate the efficacy of preventing IL-6-induced endothelial inflammatory damage. Results showed that Modicana milk and whey had higher biomolecule content and antioxidant activity compared to Holstein milk (p < 0.01). Milk from Holstein fed TMR showed higher concentration of γ-butyrobetaine, δ-valerobetaine (p < 0.01), and l-carnitine (p < 0.05). Similarly, whey from Holstein fed TMR also showed higher content of δ-valerobetaine, glycine betaine, l-carnitine, and acetyl-l-carnitine (p < 0.01) compared to the Holstein fed pasture. Conversely, the antioxidant activity of milk and dairy products was not affected by the feeding system. In ECs, all milk samples reduced the IL-6-induced cytokine release, as well as the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the induction of cell death, with the most robust effect elicited by Modicana milk (p < 0.01). Overall, Modicana milk showed a higher content of biomolecules and antioxidant activity compared to Holstein, suggesting that the breed, more than the feeding system, can positively affect the health-promoting profile of dairy cattle milk. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9569879 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95698792022-10-17 Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk Salzano, Angela Di Meo, Maria Chiara D’Onofrio, Nunzia Bifulco, Giovanna Cotticelli, Alessio Licitra, Francesca Iraci Fuintino, Antonio Cascone, Giuseppe Balestrieri, Maria Luisa Varricchio, Ettore Campanile, Giuseppe Int J Mol Sci Article In the present study, we aimed at assessing the influence of breed and feeding system on the bovine milk profile of betaines and carnitines and milk capacity in counteracting the inflammatory endothelial cell (EC) damage induced by interleukin (IL)-6. In the first experimental design, two breeds were chosen (Holstein vs. Modicana) to investigate the biomolecule content and antioxidant capacity in milk and dairy products. In the second experimental design, two feeding systems (pasture vs. total mixed ratio) were tested only in Holstein to evaluate the possible effect on the functional profile of milk and dairy products. Finally, the bulk milk from the two experimental designs was used to evaluate the efficacy of preventing IL-6-induced endothelial inflammatory damage. Results showed that Modicana milk and whey had higher biomolecule content and antioxidant activity compared to Holstein milk (p < 0.01). Milk from Holstein fed TMR showed higher concentration of γ-butyrobetaine, δ-valerobetaine (p < 0.01), and l-carnitine (p < 0.05). Similarly, whey from Holstein fed TMR also showed higher content of δ-valerobetaine, glycine betaine, l-carnitine, and acetyl-l-carnitine (p < 0.01) compared to the Holstein fed pasture. Conversely, the antioxidant activity of milk and dairy products was not affected by the feeding system. In ECs, all milk samples reduced the IL-6-induced cytokine release, as well as the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the induction of cell death, with the most robust effect elicited by Modicana milk (p < 0.01). Overall, Modicana milk showed a higher content of biomolecules and antioxidant activity compared to Holstein, suggesting that the breed, more than the feeding system, can positively affect the health-promoting profile of dairy cattle milk. MDPI 2022-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9569879/ /pubmed/36232386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911088 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Salzano, Angela Di Meo, Maria Chiara D’Onofrio, Nunzia Bifulco, Giovanna Cotticelli, Alessio Licitra, Francesca Iraci Fuintino, Antonio Cascone, Giuseppe Balestrieri, Maria Luisa Varricchio, Ettore Campanile, Giuseppe Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk |
title | Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk |
title_full | Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk |
title_fullStr | Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk |
title_full_unstemmed | Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk |
title_short | Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk |
title_sort | breed and feeding system impact the bioactive anti-inflammatory properties of bovine milk |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9569879/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36232386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911088 |
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