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Gadolinium Accumulation and Toxicity on In Vitro Grown Stevia rebaudiana: A Case-Study on Gadobutrol
Gadolinium-based contrast agents are molecular complexes which are extensively used for diagnostic purposes. Apart from their tremendous contribution to disease diagnostics, there are several issues related to their use. They are extremely stable complexes and potential contaminants of surface and g...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9569896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36232670 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911368 |
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author | Scurtu, Violeta Florina Clapa, Doina Leopold, Loredana Florina Ranga, Floricuța Iancu, Ștefania D. Cadiș, Adrian Ionuț Coman, Vasile Socaci, Sonia Ancuța Moț, Augustin C. Coman, Cristina |
author_facet | Scurtu, Violeta Florina Clapa, Doina Leopold, Loredana Florina Ranga, Floricuța Iancu, Ștefania D. Cadiș, Adrian Ionuț Coman, Vasile Socaci, Sonia Ancuța Moț, Augustin C. Coman, Cristina |
author_sort | Scurtu, Violeta Florina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gadolinium-based contrast agents are molecular complexes which are extensively used for diagnostic purposes. Apart from their tremendous contribution to disease diagnostics, there are several issues related to their use. They are extremely stable complexes and potential contaminants of surface and ground waters, an issue which is documented worldwide. The irrigation of fields with contaminated surface waters or their fertilization with sludge from wastewater treatment plants can lead to the introduction of Gd into the human food supply chain. Thus, this study focused on the potential toxicity of Gd on plants. For this purpose, we have studied the molecular effects of gadobutrol (a well-known MRI contrast agent) exposure on in vitro-grown Stevia rebaudiana. The effects of gadobutrol on plant morphology, on relevant plant metabolites such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, ascorbic acids (HPLC), minerals (ICP-OES), and on the generation of free radical species (MDA assay and EPR) were assessed. Exposures of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 1, and 3 mM gadobutrol were used. We found a correlation between the gadobutrol dose and the plant growth and concentration of metabolites. Above the 0.1. mM dose of gadobutrol, the toxic effects of Gd(+3) ions became significant. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9569896 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95698962022-10-17 Gadolinium Accumulation and Toxicity on In Vitro Grown Stevia rebaudiana: A Case-Study on Gadobutrol Scurtu, Violeta Florina Clapa, Doina Leopold, Loredana Florina Ranga, Floricuța Iancu, Ștefania D. Cadiș, Adrian Ionuț Coman, Vasile Socaci, Sonia Ancuța Moț, Augustin C. Coman, Cristina Int J Mol Sci Article Gadolinium-based contrast agents are molecular complexes which are extensively used for diagnostic purposes. Apart from their tremendous contribution to disease diagnostics, there are several issues related to their use. They are extremely stable complexes and potential contaminants of surface and ground waters, an issue which is documented worldwide. The irrigation of fields with contaminated surface waters or their fertilization with sludge from wastewater treatment plants can lead to the introduction of Gd into the human food supply chain. Thus, this study focused on the potential toxicity of Gd on plants. For this purpose, we have studied the molecular effects of gadobutrol (a well-known MRI contrast agent) exposure on in vitro-grown Stevia rebaudiana. The effects of gadobutrol on plant morphology, on relevant plant metabolites such as chlorophylls, carotenoids, ascorbic acids (HPLC), minerals (ICP-OES), and on the generation of free radical species (MDA assay and EPR) were assessed. Exposures of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 1, and 3 mM gadobutrol were used. We found a correlation between the gadobutrol dose and the plant growth and concentration of metabolites. Above the 0.1. mM dose of gadobutrol, the toxic effects of Gd(+3) ions became significant. MDPI 2022-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9569896/ /pubmed/36232670 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911368 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Scurtu, Violeta Florina Clapa, Doina Leopold, Loredana Florina Ranga, Floricuța Iancu, Ștefania D. Cadiș, Adrian Ionuț Coman, Vasile Socaci, Sonia Ancuța Moț, Augustin C. Coman, Cristina Gadolinium Accumulation and Toxicity on In Vitro Grown Stevia rebaudiana: A Case-Study on Gadobutrol |
title | Gadolinium Accumulation and Toxicity on In Vitro Grown Stevia rebaudiana: A Case-Study on Gadobutrol |
title_full | Gadolinium Accumulation and Toxicity on In Vitro Grown Stevia rebaudiana: A Case-Study on Gadobutrol |
title_fullStr | Gadolinium Accumulation and Toxicity on In Vitro Grown Stevia rebaudiana: A Case-Study on Gadobutrol |
title_full_unstemmed | Gadolinium Accumulation and Toxicity on In Vitro Grown Stevia rebaudiana: A Case-Study on Gadobutrol |
title_short | Gadolinium Accumulation and Toxicity on In Vitro Grown Stevia rebaudiana: A Case-Study on Gadobutrol |
title_sort | gadolinium accumulation and toxicity on in vitro grown stevia rebaudiana: a case-study on gadobutrol |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9569896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36232670 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911368 |
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