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Linear Characteristics of the Differences in Phase Tangents of Triple-Coil Electromagnetic Sensors and Their Application in Nonmagnetic Metal Classification

Metal sorting is the first step in scrap metal recycling. The traditional magnetic separation method can classify ferromagnetic metals, but it is not applicable to some nonmagnetic metals with higher value. To address this situation, we propose an eddy current testing (ECT) technology-based method f...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wang, Dong, Zhang, Zhijie, Yin, Wuliang, Chen, Haoze, Ma, Huidong, Zhou, Guangyu, Zhang, Yuchen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9570834/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36236610
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197511
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author Wang, Dong
Zhang, Zhijie
Yin, Wuliang
Chen, Haoze
Ma, Huidong
Zhou, Guangyu
Zhang, Yuchen
author_facet Wang, Dong
Zhang, Zhijie
Yin, Wuliang
Chen, Haoze
Ma, Huidong
Zhou, Guangyu
Zhang, Yuchen
author_sort Wang, Dong
collection PubMed
description Metal sorting is the first step in scrap metal recycling. The traditional magnetic separation method can classify ferromagnetic metals, but it is not applicable to some nonmagnetic metals with higher value. To address this situation, we propose an eddy current testing (ECT) technology-based method for classifying nonmagnetic metals. In this study, a triple-coil electromagnetic sensor, which works as two coil pairs, is tested. By analyzing the physical model of the sensor, a feature related to the conductivity of the sample under test is obtained as the difference in the tangent of the impedance changes in the two coil pairs. Additionally, we derive a linear relationship between this feature and the lift-off height, which is verified experimentally and will help to solve the classification error caused by the variation in the lift-off height. In addition, we find that the excitation frequency does not affect this linear feature. Moreover, in this study, the spectrum scanning method is converted into a single-frequency measurement, and the time consumption is greatly reduced, which improves the efficiency of the real-time metal classification system.
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spelling pubmed-95708342022-10-17 Linear Characteristics of the Differences in Phase Tangents of Triple-Coil Electromagnetic Sensors and Their Application in Nonmagnetic Metal Classification Wang, Dong Zhang, Zhijie Yin, Wuliang Chen, Haoze Ma, Huidong Zhou, Guangyu Zhang, Yuchen Sensors (Basel) Article Metal sorting is the first step in scrap metal recycling. The traditional magnetic separation method can classify ferromagnetic metals, but it is not applicable to some nonmagnetic metals with higher value. To address this situation, we propose an eddy current testing (ECT) technology-based method for classifying nonmagnetic metals. In this study, a triple-coil electromagnetic sensor, which works as two coil pairs, is tested. By analyzing the physical model of the sensor, a feature related to the conductivity of the sample under test is obtained as the difference in the tangent of the impedance changes in the two coil pairs. Additionally, we derive a linear relationship between this feature and the lift-off height, which is verified experimentally and will help to solve the classification error caused by the variation in the lift-off height. In addition, we find that the excitation frequency does not affect this linear feature. Moreover, in this study, the spectrum scanning method is converted into a single-frequency measurement, and the time consumption is greatly reduced, which improves the efficiency of the real-time metal classification system. MDPI 2022-10-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9570834/ /pubmed/36236610 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197511 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wang, Dong
Zhang, Zhijie
Yin, Wuliang
Chen, Haoze
Ma, Huidong
Zhou, Guangyu
Zhang, Yuchen
Linear Characteristics of the Differences in Phase Tangents of Triple-Coil Electromagnetic Sensors and Their Application in Nonmagnetic Metal Classification
title Linear Characteristics of the Differences in Phase Tangents of Triple-Coil Electromagnetic Sensors and Their Application in Nonmagnetic Metal Classification
title_full Linear Characteristics of the Differences in Phase Tangents of Triple-Coil Electromagnetic Sensors and Their Application in Nonmagnetic Metal Classification
title_fullStr Linear Characteristics of the Differences in Phase Tangents of Triple-Coil Electromagnetic Sensors and Their Application in Nonmagnetic Metal Classification
title_full_unstemmed Linear Characteristics of the Differences in Phase Tangents of Triple-Coil Electromagnetic Sensors and Their Application in Nonmagnetic Metal Classification
title_short Linear Characteristics of the Differences in Phase Tangents of Triple-Coil Electromagnetic Sensors and Their Application in Nonmagnetic Metal Classification
title_sort linear characteristics of the differences in phase tangents of triple-coil electromagnetic sensors and their application in nonmagnetic metal classification
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9570834/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36236610
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197511
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