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The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures
This study evaluated the efficacy of different cleaning methods with respect to changes in the color and light transmittance of both rough and smooth thermoformed, copolyester retainer specimens, after staining in different solutions. Four hundred copolyester sheets (Essix ACE) specimens were fabric...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9570909/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36234148 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196808 |
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author | Susarchick, Laurie Virji, Insia Viana, Grace Mahmoud, Mervat Allareddy, Veerasathpurush Gruber, Max Lukic, Henry Megremis, Spiro Atsawasuwan, Phimon |
author_facet | Susarchick, Laurie Virji, Insia Viana, Grace Mahmoud, Mervat Allareddy, Veerasathpurush Gruber, Max Lukic, Henry Megremis, Spiro Atsawasuwan, Phimon |
author_sort | Susarchick, Laurie |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study evaluated the efficacy of different cleaning methods with respect to changes in the color and light transmittance of both rough and smooth thermoformed, copolyester retainer specimens, after staining in different solutions. Four hundred copolyester sheets (Essix ACE) specimens were fabricated over molds with different surface textures, smooth and rough. The specimens were stained in four different solutions (n = 100 per solution) over 28 days; then, each of the four groups of 100 stained specimens was sub-divided into five groups of 20 specimens and subjected to a different destaining solution. The specimens were sub-divided with half subjected to an additional ultrasonic cleaning procedure. Light transmittance and color changes were analyzed using a spectrometer/integrating sphere assembly and a spectrophotometer. Mean difference comparisons were performed using appropriate statistical tests at p = 0.05. All five destaining solutions proved to be effective at removing coffee and tea stains. The surface roughness of the retainer material plays a significant role in the ability of cleaning solutions to remove stains, demonstrating a greater effect on cleaning rough specimens with respect to improvements in light transmittance and greater changes in color. Additionally, an ultrasonic cleaning unit generally enhanced the ability of all five solutions to clean the tea-stained specimens. However, the enhancements were only significant for light transmittance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9570909 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95709092022-10-17 The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures Susarchick, Laurie Virji, Insia Viana, Grace Mahmoud, Mervat Allareddy, Veerasathpurush Gruber, Max Lukic, Henry Megremis, Spiro Atsawasuwan, Phimon Materials (Basel) Article This study evaluated the efficacy of different cleaning methods with respect to changes in the color and light transmittance of both rough and smooth thermoformed, copolyester retainer specimens, after staining in different solutions. Four hundred copolyester sheets (Essix ACE) specimens were fabricated over molds with different surface textures, smooth and rough. The specimens were stained in four different solutions (n = 100 per solution) over 28 days; then, each of the four groups of 100 stained specimens was sub-divided into five groups of 20 specimens and subjected to a different destaining solution. The specimens were sub-divided with half subjected to an additional ultrasonic cleaning procedure. Light transmittance and color changes were analyzed using a spectrometer/integrating sphere assembly and a spectrophotometer. Mean difference comparisons were performed using appropriate statistical tests at p = 0.05. All five destaining solutions proved to be effective at removing coffee and tea stains. The surface roughness of the retainer material plays a significant role in the ability of cleaning solutions to remove stains, demonstrating a greater effect on cleaning rough specimens with respect to improvements in light transmittance and greater changes in color. Additionally, an ultrasonic cleaning unit generally enhanced the ability of all five solutions to clean the tea-stained specimens. However, the enhancements were only significant for light transmittance. MDPI 2022-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9570909/ /pubmed/36234148 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196808 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Susarchick, Laurie Virji, Insia Viana, Grace Mahmoud, Mervat Allareddy, Veerasathpurush Gruber, Max Lukic, Henry Megremis, Spiro Atsawasuwan, Phimon The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures |
title | The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures |
title_full | The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures |
title_fullStr | The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures |
title_short | The Effects of Staining and Cleaning on the Color and Light Transmittance Changes of a Copolyester Retainer Material with Different Surface Textures |
title_sort | effects of staining and cleaning on the color and light transmittance changes of a copolyester retainer material with different surface textures |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9570909/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36234148 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196808 |
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