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Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene

Thixoforming is a promising method that offers several advantages over both liquid and solid processing. This process utilizes semi-solid behaviour and reduces macrosegregation, porosity and forming forces during the shaping process. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of 0.3, 0.5 and 1....

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Autores principales: Md Ali, Afifah, Omar, Mohd Zaidi, Salleh, Mohd Shukor, Hashim, Hanizam, Mohamed, Intan Fadhlina, Wakhi Anuar, Nur Farah Bazilah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9571056/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36234138
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196791
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author Md Ali, Afifah
Omar, Mohd Zaidi
Salleh, Mohd Shukor
Hashim, Hanizam
Mohamed, Intan Fadhlina
Wakhi Anuar, Nur Farah Bazilah
author_facet Md Ali, Afifah
Omar, Mohd Zaidi
Salleh, Mohd Shukor
Hashim, Hanizam
Mohamed, Intan Fadhlina
Wakhi Anuar, Nur Farah Bazilah
author_sort Md Ali, Afifah
collection PubMed
description Thixoforming is a promising method that offers several advantages over both liquid and solid processing. This process utilizes semi-solid behaviour and reduces macrosegregation, porosity and forming forces during the shaping process. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 wt% graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) reinforced A356 aluminium alloy composite fabricated by thixoforming was investigated. Stir casting was employed to fabricate feedstocks before they were thixoformed at 50% liquid. The microstructure was characterized and evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray detector and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical testing, such as microhardness and tensile testing, was also performed to estimate the mechanical properties of the composites. The incorporation of 0.3 wt.% GNPs in Al alloy increased by about 27% in ultimate tensile strength and 29% in hardness. The enhancement in tensile strength is primarily attributed to load transfer strengthening due to the uniform dispersion of these GNPs within the Al matrix, which promotes effective load transfer during tensile deformation, and GNPs’ wrinkled surface structure. Simultaneously, the addition of GNPs enhances the grain refinement effect of the Al alloy matrix, resulting in a grain size strengthening mechanism of the GNPs/Al composites. The results reveal that thixoformed composite microstructure consists of uniformly distributed GNPs, α-Al globules and fine fibrous Si particles. The composites’ grains were refined and equiaxed, and the mechanical properties were improved significantly. This study creates a new method for incorporating GNPs into Al alloy for high-performance composites.
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spelling pubmed-95710562022-10-17 Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene Md Ali, Afifah Omar, Mohd Zaidi Salleh, Mohd Shukor Hashim, Hanizam Mohamed, Intan Fadhlina Wakhi Anuar, Nur Farah Bazilah Materials (Basel) Article Thixoforming is a promising method that offers several advantages over both liquid and solid processing. This process utilizes semi-solid behaviour and reduces macrosegregation, porosity and forming forces during the shaping process. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 wt% graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) reinforced A356 aluminium alloy composite fabricated by thixoforming was investigated. Stir casting was employed to fabricate feedstocks before they were thixoformed at 50% liquid. The microstructure was characterized and evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray detector and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical testing, such as microhardness and tensile testing, was also performed to estimate the mechanical properties of the composites. The incorporation of 0.3 wt.% GNPs in Al alloy increased by about 27% in ultimate tensile strength and 29% in hardness. The enhancement in tensile strength is primarily attributed to load transfer strengthening due to the uniform dispersion of these GNPs within the Al matrix, which promotes effective load transfer during tensile deformation, and GNPs’ wrinkled surface structure. Simultaneously, the addition of GNPs enhances the grain refinement effect of the Al alloy matrix, resulting in a grain size strengthening mechanism of the GNPs/Al composites. The results reveal that thixoformed composite microstructure consists of uniformly distributed GNPs, α-Al globules and fine fibrous Si particles. The composites’ grains were refined and equiaxed, and the mechanical properties were improved significantly. This study creates a new method for incorporating GNPs into Al alloy for high-performance composites. MDPI 2022-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9571056/ /pubmed/36234138 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196791 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Md Ali, Afifah
Omar, Mohd Zaidi
Salleh, Mohd Shukor
Hashim, Hanizam
Mohamed, Intan Fadhlina
Wakhi Anuar, Nur Farah Bazilah
Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene
title Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene
title_full Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene
title_fullStr Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene
title_full_unstemmed Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene
title_short Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene
title_sort mechanical behaviour and morphology of thixoformed aluminium alloy reinforced by graphene
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9571056/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36234138
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196791
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