Fluorine-Nitrogen-Codoped Carbon Dots as Fluorescent Switch Probes for Selective Fe(III) and Ascorbic Acid Sensing in Living Cells

High-quality fluorescent probes based on carbon dots (CDs) have promising applications in many fields owing to their good stability, low toxicity, high quantum yield, and low raw material price. The fluorine- and nitrogen-doped fluorescent CDs (NFCDs) with blue fluorescence was successfully synthesized using 3-aminophenol and 2,4-difluorobenzoic acid as the raw material by the hydrothermal method. The NFCDs as probe can be used to directly and indirectly detect Fe(3+) (detection range: 0.1–150 μM and detection limit: 0.14 μM) and ascorbic acid (AA) (detection range: 10–80 μM and detection limit: 0.11 μM). The NFCDs-based probe shows exceptional selectivity and strong anti-interference for Fe(3+) and ascorbic acid (AA). In addition, we examined the response of NFCDs to Fe(3+) and AA in living cells, which showed that the timely use of AA can reduce the effects of iron poisoning. This has important biological significance. This means that using NFCDs as fluorescent probes is beneficial for Fe(3+) and AA detection and observing their dynamic changes in living cells. Thus, this work may contribute to the study of Fe(3+)- and AA-related diseases.