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High-Accuracy Height-Independent 3D VLP Based on Received Signal Strength Ratio

Visible light positioning (VLP) has attracted intensive attention from both academic and industrial communities thanks to its high accuracy, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and low deployment cost. In general, the receiver in a VLP system determines its own position by exploring the receiv...

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Autores principales: Xu, Yihuai, Hu, Xin, Sun, Yimao, Yang, Yanbing, Zhang, Lei, Deng, Xiong, Chen, Liangyin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9572685/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36236260
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197165
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author Xu, Yihuai
Hu, Xin
Sun, Yimao
Yang, Yanbing
Zhang, Lei
Deng, Xiong
Chen, Liangyin
author_facet Xu, Yihuai
Hu, Xin
Sun, Yimao
Yang, Yanbing
Zhang, Lei
Deng, Xiong
Chen, Liangyin
author_sort Xu, Yihuai
collection PubMed
description Visible light positioning (VLP) has attracted intensive attention from both academic and industrial communities thanks to its high accuracy, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and low deployment cost. In general, the receiver in a VLP system determines its own position by exploring the received signal strength (RSS) from the transmitter according to a pre-built RSS attenuation model. In such model-based methods, the LED’s emission power and the receiver’s height are usually required known and constant parameters to obtain reasonable positioning accuracy. However, the LED’s emission power is normally time-varying due to the fact that the LED’s optical output power is prone to changing with the LED’s temperature, and the receiver’s height is random in a realistic application scenario. To this end, we propose a height-independent three-dimensional (3D) VLP scheme based on the RSS ratio (RSSR), rather than only using RSS. Unlike existing RSS-based VLP methods, our method is able to independently find the horizontal coordinate, i.e., two-dimensional (2D) position, without a priori height information of the receiver, and also avoids the negative effect caused by fluctuation of the LED’s emission power. Moreover, we can further infer the height of the receiver to achieve three-dimensional (3D) positioning by iterating the 2D results back into positioning equations. To quickly verify the proposed scheme, we conduct theoretical analysis with mathematical proof and experimental results with real data, which confirm that the proposed scheme can achieve high position accuracy without known information of the receiver’s height and LED’s emission power. We also implement a VLP prototype with five LED transmitters, and experimental results show that the proposed scheme can achieve very low average errors of 2.73 cm in 2D and 7.20 cm in 3D.
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spelling pubmed-95726852022-10-17 High-Accuracy Height-Independent 3D VLP Based on Received Signal Strength Ratio Xu, Yihuai Hu, Xin Sun, Yimao Yang, Yanbing Zhang, Lei Deng, Xiong Chen, Liangyin Sensors (Basel) Article Visible light positioning (VLP) has attracted intensive attention from both academic and industrial communities thanks to its high accuracy, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and low deployment cost. In general, the receiver in a VLP system determines its own position by exploring the received signal strength (RSS) from the transmitter according to a pre-built RSS attenuation model. In such model-based methods, the LED’s emission power and the receiver’s height are usually required known and constant parameters to obtain reasonable positioning accuracy. However, the LED’s emission power is normally time-varying due to the fact that the LED’s optical output power is prone to changing with the LED’s temperature, and the receiver’s height is random in a realistic application scenario. To this end, we propose a height-independent three-dimensional (3D) VLP scheme based on the RSS ratio (RSSR), rather than only using RSS. Unlike existing RSS-based VLP methods, our method is able to independently find the horizontal coordinate, i.e., two-dimensional (2D) position, without a priori height information of the receiver, and also avoids the negative effect caused by fluctuation of the LED’s emission power. Moreover, we can further infer the height of the receiver to achieve three-dimensional (3D) positioning by iterating the 2D results back into positioning equations. To quickly verify the proposed scheme, we conduct theoretical analysis with mathematical proof and experimental results with real data, which confirm that the proposed scheme can achieve high position accuracy without known information of the receiver’s height and LED’s emission power. We also implement a VLP prototype with five LED transmitters, and experimental results show that the proposed scheme can achieve very low average errors of 2.73 cm in 2D and 7.20 cm in 3D. MDPI 2022-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9572685/ /pubmed/36236260 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197165 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Xu, Yihuai
Hu, Xin
Sun, Yimao
Yang, Yanbing
Zhang, Lei
Deng, Xiong
Chen, Liangyin
High-Accuracy Height-Independent 3D VLP Based on Received Signal Strength Ratio
title High-Accuracy Height-Independent 3D VLP Based on Received Signal Strength Ratio
title_full High-Accuracy Height-Independent 3D VLP Based on Received Signal Strength Ratio
title_fullStr High-Accuracy Height-Independent 3D VLP Based on Received Signal Strength Ratio
title_full_unstemmed High-Accuracy Height-Independent 3D VLP Based on Received Signal Strength Ratio
title_short High-Accuracy Height-Independent 3D VLP Based on Received Signal Strength Ratio
title_sort high-accuracy height-independent 3d vlp based on received signal strength ratio
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9572685/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36236260
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197165
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