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A Historical Twist on Long-Range Wireless: Building a 103 km Multi-Hop Network Replicating Claude Chappe’s Telegraph

In 1794, French Engineer Claude Chappe coordinated the deployment of a network of dozens of optical semaphores. These formed “strings” that were hundreds of kilometers long, allowing for nationwide telegraphy. The Chappe telegraph inspired future developments of long-range telecommunications using e...

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Autores principales: Rady, Mina, Muñoz, Jonathan, Abu-Aisheh, Razanne, Vučinić, Mališa, Astorga Tobar, José, Cortes, Alfonso, Lampin, Quentin, Barthel, Dominique, Watteyne, Thomas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9573271/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36236685
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197586
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author Rady, Mina
Muñoz, Jonathan
Abu-Aisheh, Razanne
Vučinić, Mališa
Astorga Tobar, José
Cortes, Alfonso
Lampin, Quentin
Barthel, Dominique
Watteyne, Thomas
author_facet Rady, Mina
Muñoz, Jonathan
Abu-Aisheh, Razanne
Vučinić, Mališa
Astorga Tobar, José
Cortes, Alfonso
Lampin, Quentin
Barthel, Dominique
Watteyne, Thomas
author_sort Rady, Mina
collection PubMed
description In 1794, French Engineer Claude Chappe coordinated the deployment of a network of dozens of optical semaphores. These formed “strings” that were hundreds of kilometers long, allowing for nationwide telegraphy. The Chappe telegraph inspired future developments of long-range telecommunications using electrical telegraphs and, later, digital telecommunication. Long-range wireless networks are used today for the Internet of Things (IoT), including industrial, agricultural, and urban applications. The long-range radio technology used today offers approximately 10 km of range. Long-range IoT solutions use “star” topology: all devices need to be within range of a gateway device. This limits the area covered by one such network to roughly a disk of a 10 km radius. In this article, we demonstrate a 103 km low-power wireless multi-hop network by combining long-range IoT radio technology with Claude Chappe’s vision. We placed 11 battery-powered devices at the former locations of the Chappe telegraph towers, hanging under helium balloons. We ran a proprietary protocol stack on these devices so they formed a 10-hop multi-hop network: devices forwarded the frames from the “previous” device in the chain. This is, to our knowledge, the longest low power multi-hop wireless network built to date, demonstrating the potential of combining long-range radio technology with multi-hop technology.
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spelling pubmed-95732712022-10-17 A Historical Twist on Long-Range Wireless: Building a 103 km Multi-Hop Network Replicating Claude Chappe’s Telegraph Rady, Mina Muñoz, Jonathan Abu-Aisheh, Razanne Vučinić, Mališa Astorga Tobar, José Cortes, Alfonso Lampin, Quentin Barthel, Dominique Watteyne, Thomas Sensors (Basel) Article In 1794, French Engineer Claude Chappe coordinated the deployment of a network of dozens of optical semaphores. These formed “strings” that were hundreds of kilometers long, allowing for nationwide telegraphy. The Chappe telegraph inspired future developments of long-range telecommunications using electrical telegraphs and, later, digital telecommunication. Long-range wireless networks are used today for the Internet of Things (IoT), including industrial, agricultural, and urban applications. The long-range radio technology used today offers approximately 10 km of range. Long-range IoT solutions use “star” topology: all devices need to be within range of a gateway device. This limits the area covered by one such network to roughly a disk of a 10 km radius. In this article, we demonstrate a 103 km low-power wireless multi-hop network by combining long-range IoT radio technology with Claude Chappe’s vision. We placed 11 battery-powered devices at the former locations of the Chappe telegraph towers, hanging under helium balloons. We ran a proprietary protocol stack on these devices so they formed a 10-hop multi-hop network: devices forwarded the frames from the “previous” device in the chain. This is, to our knowledge, the longest low power multi-hop wireless network built to date, demonstrating the potential of combining long-range radio technology with multi-hop technology. MDPI 2022-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9573271/ /pubmed/36236685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197586 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rady, Mina
Muñoz, Jonathan
Abu-Aisheh, Razanne
Vučinić, Mališa
Astorga Tobar, José
Cortes, Alfonso
Lampin, Quentin
Barthel, Dominique
Watteyne, Thomas
A Historical Twist on Long-Range Wireless: Building a 103 km Multi-Hop Network Replicating Claude Chappe’s Telegraph
title A Historical Twist on Long-Range Wireless: Building a 103 km Multi-Hop Network Replicating Claude Chappe’s Telegraph
title_full A Historical Twist on Long-Range Wireless: Building a 103 km Multi-Hop Network Replicating Claude Chappe’s Telegraph
title_fullStr A Historical Twist on Long-Range Wireless: Building a 103 km Multi-Hop Network Replicating Claude Chappe’s Telegraph
title_full_unstemmed A Historical Twist on Long-Range Wireless: Building a 103 km Multi-Hop Network Replicating Claude Chappe’s Telegraph
title_short A Historical Twist on Long-Range Wireless: Building a 103 km Multi-Hop Network Replicating Claude Chappe’s Telegraph
title_sort historical twist on long-range wireless: building a 103 km multi-hop network replicating claude chappe’s telegraph
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9573271/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36236685
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197586
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