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Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Pain Post-COVID; Cross-Sectional Study
Introduction: Chronic pain is increasingly recognized as part of long COVID syndrome, mainly in the form of myalgias. However, chronic pain has several forms, and according to our clinical experience, COVID-19 survivors suffer from numerous painful syndromes, other than myalgias. The aim of our stud...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9573502/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36233443 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195569 |
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author | Zis, Panagiotis Ioannou, Christiana Artemiadis, Artemios Christodoulou, Katerina Kalampokini, Stefania Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M. |
author_facet | Zis, Panagiotis Ioannou, Christiana Artemiadis, Artemios Christodoulou, Katerina Kalampokini, Stefania Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M. |
author_sort | Zis, Panagiotis |
collection | PubMed |
description | Introduction: Chronic pain is increasingly recognized as part of long COVID syndrome, mainly in the form of myalgias. However, chronic pain has several forms, and according to our clinical experience, COVID-19 survivors suffer from numerous painful syndromes, other than myalgias. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of chronic pain, describe the commonest painful syndromes and identify pain determinants in a random population of COVID-19 survivors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Medical School, University of Cyprus. A random population of 90 COVID-19 survivors was recruited. Demographic and COVID-19 related clinical characteristics were recorded. The painDETECT and DN4 questionnaires were used to evaluate the painful syndromes. Results: The prevalence of chronic pain was estimated to be 63.3%. The most common site of pain was low back (37.8%), followed by joints (28.9%) and neck (12.2%). Patients with chronic pain compared to subjects without pain were older (50.5 ± 15.9 versus 42.2 ± 12.6, p = 0.011) and more likely to be female (71.9% versus 45.5%, p = 0.013). One in six subjects (16.7%) reported new-onset pain post COVID-19. The prevalence of neuropathic pain was estimated to be 24.4%. After adjusting for age and gender, headache during COVID-19 was a statistically significant predictor of neuropathic pain, increasing 4.9 times (95% 1.4–16.6, p = 0.011) the odds of neuropathic pain. Conclusion: Chronic pain—especially neuropathic—is widely prevalent in COVID-19 survivors. One in six subjects will develop new-onset pain that will persist beyond the acute phase of the disease and, therefore, should be considered a symptom of long COVID syndrome. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9573502 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95735022022-10-17 Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Pain Post-COVID; Cross-Sectional Study Zis, Panagiotis Ioannou, Christiana Artemiadis, Artemios Christodoulou, Katerina Kalampokini, Stefania Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M. J Clin Med Article Introduction: Chronic pain is increasingly recognized as part of long COVID syndrome, mainly in the form of myalgias. However, chronic pain has several forms, and according to our clinical experience, COVID-19 survivors suffer from numerous painful syndromes, other than myalgias. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of chronic pain, describe the commonest painful syndromes and identify pain determinants in a random population of COVID-19 survivors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Medical School, University of Cyprus. A random population of 90 COVID-19 survivors was recruited. Demographic and COVID-19 related clinical characteristics were recorded. The painDETECT and DN4 questionnaires were used to evaluate the painful syndromes. Results: The prevalence of chronic pain was estimated to be 63.3%. The most common site of pain was low back (37.8%), followed by joints (28.9%) and neck (12.2%). Patients with chronic pain compared to subjects without pain were older (50.5 ± 15.9 versus 42.2 ± 12.6, p = 0.011) and more likely to be female (71.9% versus 45.5%, p = 0.013). One in six subjects (16.7%) reported new-onset pain post COVID-19. The prevalence of neuropathic pain was estimated to be 24.4%. After adjusting for age and gender, headache during COVID-19 was a statistically significant predictor of neuropathic pain, increasing 4.9 times (95% 1.4–16.6, p = 0.011) the odds of neuropathic pain. Conclusion: Chronic pain—especially neuropathic—is widely prevalent in COVID-19 survivors. One in six subjects will develop new-onset pain that will persist beyond the acute phase of the disease and, therefore, should be considered a symptom of long COVID syndrome. MDPI 2022-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9573502/ /pubmed/36233443 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195569 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Zis, Panagiotis Ioannou, Christiana Artemiadis, Artemios Christodoulou, Katerina Kalampokini, Stefania Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M. Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Pain Post-COVID; Cross-Sectional Study |
title | Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Pain Post-COVID; Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full | Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Pain Post-COVID; Cross-Sectional Study |
title_fullStr | Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Pain Post-COVID; Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Pain Post-COVID; Cross-Sectional Study |
title_short | Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Pain Post-COVID; Cross-Sectional Study |
title_sort | prevalence and determinants of chronic pain post-covid; cross-sectional study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9573502/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36233443 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195569 |
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