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Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children—Red Flags in Pediatric Care

Objectives: In recent years, we have witnessed a growing interest in pediatric sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). Although a Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) exists and was found reliable in screening SRBD in children, many of the children remain underdiagnosed. The aim of the present stud...

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Autores principales: Blumer, Sigalit, Eli, Ilana, Kaminsky-Kurtz, Shani, Shreiber-Fridman, Yarden, Dolev, Eran, Emodi-Perlman, Alona
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9573712/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36233440
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195570
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author Blumer, Sigalit
Eli, Ilana
Kaminsky-Kurtz, Shani
Shreiber-Fridman, Yarden
Dolev, Eran
Emodi-Perlman, Alona
author_facet Blumer, Sigalit
Eli, Ilana
Kaminsky-Kurtz, Shani
Shreiber-Fridman, Yarden
Dolev, Eran
Emodi-Perlman, Alona
author_sort Blumer, Sigalit
collection PubMed
description Objectives: In recent years, we have witnessed a growing interest in pediatric sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). Although a Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) exists and was found reliable in screening SRBD in children, many of the children remain underdiagnosed. The aim of the present study was to define anamnestic and clinical findings that can serve as red flags indicating the presence of SRBD in children. Methods: 227 children aged 4–12 years old were evaluated with regard to the following parameters: (i) anamnestic variables (e.g., general state of health, oral habits, bruxism, esophageal reflux, sleep continuity, snoring); (ii) clinical parameters (e.g., oral mucosa, palate, tonsils, tongue, floor of the mouth, angle classification, gingival health, caries risk) and (iii) presence of SRBD (through the PSQ). Results: Significant differences between children with and without SRBD were observed regarding continuous sleep, developmental delay, mouth breathing, and snoring. Taking medications for ADHD increased the odds of SRBD in children by over seven times, non-continuous sleep increased the odds of SRBD by six times, mouth breathing increased the odds by almost five times, and snoring increased the odds by over three times. Conclusions: Child caregivers from various fields (dentists, orthodontists, pediatric physicians, school nurses) should actively inquire about disturbed sleep, medications for ADHD, snoring, and mouth breathing among their young patients. Initial screening through a few simple questions may help raise red flags that can assist in the early detection of SRBD in children and lead to proper diagnosis and treatment.
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spelling pubmed-95737122022-10-17 Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children—Red Flags in Pediatric Care Blumer, Sigalit Eli, Ilana Kaminsky-Kurtz, Shani Shreiber-Fridman, Yarden Dolev, Eran Emodi-Perlman, Alona J Clin Med Article Objectives: In recent years, we have witnessed a growing interest in pediatric sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). Although a Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) exists and was found reliable in screening SRBD in children, many of the children remain underdiagnosed. The aim of the present study was to define anamnestic and clinical findings that can serve as red flags indicating the presence of SRBD in children. Methods: 227 children aged 4–12 years old were evaluated with regard to the following parameters: (i) anamnestic variables (e.g., general state of health, oral habits, bruxism, esophageal reflux, sleep continuity, snoring); (ii) clinical parameters (e.g., oral mucosa, palate, tonsils, tongue, floor of the mouth, angle classification, gingival health, caries risk) and (iii) presence of SRBD (through the PSQ). Results: Significant differences between children with and without SRBD were observed regarding continuous sleep, developmental delay, mouth breathing, and snoring. Taking medications for ADHD increased the odds of SRBD in children by over seven times, non-continuous sleep increased the odds of SRBD by six times, mouth breathing increased the odds by almost five times, and snoring increased the odds by over three times. Conclusions: Child caregivers from various fields (dentists, orthodontists, pediatric physicians, school nurses) should actively inquire about disturbed sleep, medications for ADHD, snoring, and mouth breathing among their young patients. Initial screening through a few simple questions may help raise red flags that can assist in the early detection of SRBD in children and lead to proper diagnosis and treatment. MDPI 2022-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9573712/ /pubmed/36233440 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195570 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Blumer, Sigalit
Eli, Ilana
Kaminsky-Kurtz, Shani
Shreiber-Fridman, Yarden
Dolev, Eran
Emodi-Perlman, Alona
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children—Red Flags in Pediatric Care
title Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children—Red Flags in Pediatric Care
title_full Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children—Red Flags in Pediatric Care
title_fullStr Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children—Red Flags in Pediatric Care
title_full_unstemmed Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children—Red Flags in Pediatric Care
title_short Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children—Red Flags in Pediatric Care
title_sort sleep-related breathing disorders in children—red flags in pediatric care
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9573712/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36233440
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195570
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