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Comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has, as of July 2022, infected more than 550 million people and caused over 6 million deaths across the world. COVID-19 vaccines were quickly developed to protect against severe disease, hospitalization and death. In the present study, we performed a direct comparative analys...

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Autores principales: Hvidt, Astrid K., Baerends, Eva A. M., Søgaard, Ole S., Stærke, Nina B., Raben, Dorthe, Reekie, Joanne, Nielsen, Henrik, Johansen, Isik S., Wiese, Lothar, Benfield, Thomas L., Iversen, Kasper K., Mustafa, Ahmed B., Juhl, Maria R., Petersen, Kristine T., Ostrowski, Sisse R., Lindvig, Susan O., Rasmussen, Line D., Schleimann, Marianne H., Andersen, Sidsel D., Juhl, Anna K., Dietz, Lisa L., Andreasen, Signe R., Lundgren, Jens, Østergaard, Lars, Tolstrup, Martin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9574042/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36262278
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.994160
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author Hvidt, Astrid K.
Baerends, Eva A. M.
Søgaard, Ole S.
Stærke, Nina B.
Raben, Dorthe
Reekie, Joanne
Nielsen, Henrik
Johansen, Isik S.
Wiese, Lothar
Benfield, Thomas L.
Iversen, Kasper K.
Mustafa, Ahmed B.
Juhl, Maria R.
Petersen, Kristine T.
Ostrowski, Sisse R.
Lindvig, Susan O.
Rasmussen, Line D.
Schleimann, Marianne H.
Andersen, Sidsel D.
Juhl, Anna K.
Dietz, Lisa L.
Andreasen, Signe R.
Lundgren, Jens
Østergaard, Lars
Tolstrup, Martin
author_facet Hvidt, Astrid K.
Baerends, Eva A. M.
Søgaard, Ole S.
Stærke, Nina B.
Raben, Dorthe
Reekie, Joanne
Nielsen, Henrik
Johansen, Isik S.
Wiese, Lothar
Benfield, Thomas L.
Iversen, Kasper K.
Mustafa, Ahmed B.
Juhl, Maria R.
Petersen, Kristine T.
Ostrowski, Sisse R.
Lindvig, Susan O.
Rasmussen, Line D.
Schleimann, Marianne H.
Andersen, Sidsel D.
Juhl, Anna K.
Dietz, Lisa L.
Andreasen, Signe R.
Lundgren, Jens
Østergaard, Lars
Tolstrup, Martin
author_sort Hvidt, Astrid K.
collection PubMed
description The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has, as of July 2022, infected more than 550 million people and caused over 6 million deaths across the world. COVID-19 vaccines were quickly developed to protect against severe disease, hospitalization and death. In the present study, we performed a direct comparative analysis of four COVID-19 vaccines: BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), ChAdOx1 (Oxford/AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen), following primary and booster vaccination. We focused on the vaccine-induced antibody-mediated immune response against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants: wildtype, B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta), B.1.617.2 (Delta) and B.1.1.529 (Omicron). The analysis included the quantification of total IgG levels against SARS-CoV-2 Spike, as well as the quantification of antibody neutralization titers. Furthermore, the study assessed the high-throughput ACE2 competition assay as a surrogate for the traditional pseudovirus neutralization assay. The results demonstrated marked differences in antibody-mediated immune responses. The lowest Spike-specific IgG levels and antibody neutralization titers were induced by one dose of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine, intermediate levels by two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and the highest levels by two doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccine or heterologous vaccination of one dose of the ChAdOx1 vaccine and a subsequent mRNA vaccine. The study also demonstrated that accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein mutations was accompanied by a marked decline in antibody neutralization capacity, especially for B.1.1.529. Administration of a booster dose was shown to significantly increase Spike-specific IgG levels and antibody neutralization titers, erasing the differences between the vaccine-induced antibody-mediated immune response between the four vaccines. The findings of this study highlight the importance of booster vaccines and the potential inclusion of future heterologous vaccination strategies for broad protection against current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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spelling pubmed-95740422022-10-18 Comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines Hvidt, Astrid K. Baerends, Eva A. M. Søgaard, Ole S. Stærke, Nina B. Raben, Dorthe Reekie, Joanne Nielsen, Henrik Johansen, Isik S. Wiese, Lothar Benfield, Thomas L. Iversen, Kasper K. Mustafa, Ahmed B. Juhl, Maria R. Petersen, Kristine T. Ostrowski, Sisse R. Lindvig, Susan O. Rasmussen, Line D. Schleimann, Marianne H. Andersen, Sidsel D. Juhl, Anna K. Dietz, Lisa L. Andreasen, Signe R. Lundgren, Jens Østergaard, Lars Tolstrup, Martin Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has, as of July 2022, infected more than 550 million people and caused over 6 million deaths across the world. COVID-19 vaccines were quickly developed to protect against severe disease, hospitalization and death. In the present study, we performed a direct comparative analysis of four COVID-19 vaccines: BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), ChAdOx1 (Oxford/AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen), following primary and booster vaccination. We focused on the vaccine-induced antibody-mediated immune response against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants: wildtype, B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta), B.1.617.2 (Delta) and B.1.1.529 (Omicron). The analysis included the quantification of total IgG levels against SARS-CoV-2 Spike, as well as the quantification of antibody neutralization titers. Furthermore, the study assessed the high-throughput ACE2 competition assay as a surrogate for the traditional pseudovirus neutralization assay. The results demonstrated marked differences in antibody-mediated immune responses. The lowest Spike-specific IgG levels and antibody neutralization titers were induced by one dose of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine, intermediate levels by two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and the highest levels by two doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccine or heterologous vaccination of one dose of the ChAdOx1 vaccine and a subsequent mRNA vaccine. The study also demonstrated that accumulation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein mutations was accompanied by a marked decline in antibody neutralization capacity, especially for B.1.1.529. Administration of a booster dose was shown to significantly increase Spike-specific IgG levels and antibody neutralization titers, erasing the differences between the vaccine-induced antibody-mediated immune response between the four vaccines. The findings of this study highlight the importance of booster vaccines and the potential inclusion of future heterologous vaccination strategies for broad protection against current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9574042/ /pubmed/36262278 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.994160 Text en Copyright © 2022 Hvidt, Baerends, Søgaard, Stærke, Raben, Reekie, Nielsen, Johansen, Wiese, Benfield, Iversen, Mustafa, Juhl, Petersen, Ostrowski, Lindvig, Rasmussen, Schleimann, Andersen, Juhl, Dietz, Andreasen, Lundgren, Østergaard, Tolstrup and the ENFORCE Study Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Hvidt, Astrid K.
Baerends, Eva A. M.
Søgaard, Ole S.
Stærke, Nina B.
Raben, Dorthe
Reekie, Joanne
Nielsen, Henrik
Johansen, Isik S.
Wiese, Lothar
Benfield, Thomas L.
Iversen, Kasper K.
Mustafa, Ahmed B.
Juhl, Maria R.
Petersen, Kristine T.
Ostrowski, Sisse R.
Lindvig, Susan O.
Rasmussen, Line D.
Schleimann, Marianne H.
Andersen, Sidsel D.
Juhl, Anna K.
Dietz, Lisa L.
Andreasen, Signe R.
Lundgren, Jens
Østergaard, Lars
Tolstrup, Martin
Comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines
title Comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines
title_full Comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines
title_fullStr Comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines
title_short Comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines
title_sort comparison of vaccine-induced antibody neutralization against sars-cov-2 variants of concern following primary and booster doses of covid-19 vaccines
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9574042/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36262278
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.994160
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