A comparison of national vaccination policies to prevent serogroup B meningococcal disease

OBJECTIVES: To understand the global landscape of prevention and control efforts targeting serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) disease and to identify the key challenges and gaps yet to be addressed. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive review of policies and practices for the use of protein-based MenB vaccines (Bexsero(®) [GlaxoSmithKline] and Trumenba(®) [Pfizer]) in all countries (n = 58) where either or both vaccine is authorized for use. We searched the literature (PubMed) and websites of health ministries and other relevant agencies to identify policy documents and plans and collect information about implementation timelines, target groups, vaccines being used, recommended schedules, and coverage data. Experts in the field were contacted for additional details andclarifications, as needed. RESULTS: We found evidence of a national MenB vaccination policy in 24 out of 58 countries where one or both protein-based MenB vaccines are authorized. Of these, 15 countries have included MenB vaccination in their immunization plans for at least one age-based risk group (mostly infants), 21 have issued recommendations for various risk groups based on underlying medical conditions (e.g. asplenia), and 13 have done so for select groups at increased risk of exposure (e.g. laboratory staff). Recommended vaccination schedules and number of doses, where available, varied widely. Vaccination coverage data for age-based risk groups were not obtained for most countries. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlighted the significant heterogeneity in recommendations for MenB vaccination across countries. Greater transparency in reporting MenB vaccination recommendations and more robust data on implementation and the impact of vaccination would better facilitate optimizing MenB prevention strategies.