Clinical outcomes of fetal ovarian masses diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography and literature review

With the advancement of prenatal examination technology, more and more fetus with ovarian masses are diagnosed. However, whether such children need intervention measures after delivery, there is no more unified diagnosis and treatment measures in the world. In this study, postnatal data and clinical outcome of fetal diagnosed with ovarian masses were analyzed. We also combined with relevant literature to explore the postpartum intervention measures and timing of such children. A total of 57 cases of abdominal masses from the reproductive system were included in the study. These children were diagnosed with ovarian masses after birth. We collected from 2012 to 2020, the prenatal examination revealed the presence of abdominal masses from the reproductive system, and diagnosis was confirmed by imaging examinations after childbirth. We counted the fetal period data of these children, compared the changes in the postnatal pathology and intervention measures. A total of 57 cases of ovarian masses were diagnosed prenatally, 1 case was lost to follow-up, and 56 cases were finally included in the study. After birth a total of 21 cases of ovarian masses were treated conservatively, of which 18 cases resolved spontaneously during the follow-up process, with an average follow-up period of 30.88 ± 18.16 weeks. There were statistically significant differences in the nature and the maximum diameter of the mass between the two groups receiving conservative treatment or surgical treatment after delivery (P < .05).Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that there were significant differences in the nature and diameter of the mass between two groups (P < .05). In addition, we divided the children undergoing postpartum surgery into a laparoscopic surgery group and a conventional open surgery group. Through data analysis, we found that there were statistically significant differences in the age of operation, operation time, and hospitalization days in the two groups of these children (P < .05). Children diagnosed with ovarian masses prenatally generally have a good prognosis. For these children, the treatment plan should be developed according to the child general condition. If child with ovarian mass is treated with surgery, the preservation of ovarian tissue should be emphasized regardless of the size, nature, and torsion of the mass.