Spontaneous rupture of a left omental artery aneurysm treated by transcatheter arterial embolization: A case report

BACKGROUND: Omental artery aneurysms are extremely rare. Their rupture is related to high mortality and often treated by open surgery. We describe a case of a spontaneous rupture of a left omental artery aneurysm (OAA) that was successfully treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). CASE PRESENTATION: A 68-year-old man presented with acute abdominal pain. On examination, he was hypotensive and tachycardic with a blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg. He had diffuse abdominal distension and tenderness. An abdominal enhanced computed tomography scan (CT) showed a rupture of the left OAA responsible for moderate hemoperitoneum. We performed a successful TAE. CONCLUSION: Ruptured OAA causes high mortality. OAA represents the rarest form of splanchnic artery aneurysms. Interventional radiology permits to avoid unnecessary surgery. TAE is a safe procedure to control ruptured OAA. We highlight the importance of a rapid embolization if the patient is hemodynamically stable.