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Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the point prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition and explore associations with household socioeconomic factors. DESIGN: Community-based cross-sectional study conducted in January–June 2021 among a random sample of households across all villages in the study area. SETTING: Ki...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9577914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36645778 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001640 |
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author | King, Carina Siddle, Morgan Adams, Osebi Ahmar, Samy Ahmed, Tahlil Bakare, Ayobami Adebayo Bakare, Damola Burgess, Rochelle Ann Colbourn, Tim McCollum, Eric D Olowookere, Temitayo Salako, Julius Uchendu, Obioma Graham, Hamish R Falade, Adegoke Gbadegesin |
author_facet | King, Carina Siddle, Morgan Adams, Osebi Ahmar, Samy Ahmed, Tahlil Bakare, Ayobami Adebayo Bakare, Damola Burgess, Rochelle Ann Colbourn, Tim McCollum, Eric D Olowookere, Temitayo Salako, Julius Uchendu, Obioma Graham, Hamish R Falade, Adegoke Gbadegesin |
author_sort | King, Carina |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To estimate the point prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition and explore associations with household socioeconomic factors. DESIGN: Community-based cross-sectional study conducted in January–June 2021 among a random sample of households across all villages in the study area. SETTING: Kiyawa Local Government Area, Jigawa state, Nigeria. PARTICIPANTS: Children aged 0–59 months who were permanent residents in Kiyawa and present at home at the time of the survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pneumonia (non-severe and severe) defined using WHO criteria (2014 revision) in children aged 0–59 months. Malnutrition (moderate and severe) defined using mid-upper arm circumference in children aged 6–59 months. RESULTS: 9171 children were assessed, with a mean age of 24.8 months (SD=15.8); 48.7% were girls. Overall pneumonia (severe or non-severe) point prevalence was 1.3% (n=121/9171); 0.6% (n=55/9171) had severe pneumonia. Using an alternate definition that did not rely on caregiver-reported cough/difficult breathing revealed higher pneumonia prevalence (n=258, 2.8%, 0.6% severe, 2.2% non-severe). Access to any toilet facility was associated with lower odds of pneumonia (aOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.31 to 1.01). The prevalence of malnutrition (moderate or severe) was 15.6% (n=1239/7954) with 4.1% (n=329/7954) were severely malnourished. Being older (aOR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.27), male (aOR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66 to 0.91) and having head of compound a business owner or professional (vs subsistence farmer, aOR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.90) were associated with lower odds of malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: In this large, representative community-based survey, there was a considerable pneumonia and malnutrition morbidity burden. We noted challenges in the diagnosis of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness-defined pneumonia in this context. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9577914 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95779142022-10-19 Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study King, Carina Siddle, Morgan Adams, Osebi Ahmar, Samy Ahmed, Tahlil Bakare, Ayobami Adebayo Bakare, Damola Burgess, Rochelle Ann Colbourn, Tim McCollum, Eric D Olowookere, Temitayo Salako, Julius Uchendu, Obioma Graham, Hamish R Falade, Adegoke Gbadegesin BMJ Paediatr Open Tropical Paediatrics OBJECTIVE: To estimate the point prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition and explore associations with household socioeconomic factors. DESIGN: Community-based cross-sectional study conducted in January–June 2021 among a random sample of households across all villages in the study area. SETTING: Kiyawa Local Government Area, Jigawa state, Nigeria. PARTICIPANTS: Children aged 0–59 months who were permanent residents in Kiyawa and present at home at the time of the survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pneumonia (non-severe and severe) defined using WHO criteria (2014 revision) in children aged 0–59 months. Malnutrition (moderate and severe) defined using mid-upper arm circumference in children aged 6–59 months. RESULTS: 9171 children were assessed, with a mean age of 24.8 months (SD=15.8); 48.7% were girls. Overall pneumonia (severe or non-severe) point prevalence was 1.3% (n=121/9171); 0.6% (n=55/9171) had severe pneumonia. Using an alternate definition that did not rely on caregiver-reported cough/difficult breathing revealed higher pneumonia prevalence (n=258, 2.8%, 0.6% severe, 2.2% non-severe). Access to any toilet facility was associated with lower odds of pneumonia (aOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.31 to 1.01). The prevalence of malnutrition (moderate or severe) was 15.6% (n=1239/7954) with 4.1% (n=329/7954) were severely malnourished. Being older (aOR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.27), male (aOR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66 to 0.91) and having head of compound a business owner or professional (vs subsistence farmer, aOR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.90) were associated with lower odds of malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: In this large, representative community-based survey, there was a considerable pneumonia and malnutrition morbidity burden. We noted challenges in the diagnosis of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness-defined pneumonia in this context. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9577914/ /pubmed/36645778 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001640 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Tropical Paediatrics King, Carina Siddle, Morgan Adams, Osebi Ahmar, Samy Ahmed, Tahlil Bakare, Ayobami Adebayo Bakare, Damola Burgess, Rochelle Ann Colbourn, Tim McCollum, Eric D Olowookere, Temitayo Salako, Julius Uchendu, Obioma Graham, Hamish R Falade, Adegoke Gbadegesin Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study |
title | Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study |
title_full | Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study |
title_short | Prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in Jigawa state, Nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study |
title_sort | prevalence of pneumonia and malnutrition among children in jigawa state, nigeria: a community-based clinical screening study |
topic | Tropical Paediatrics |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9577914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36645778 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001640 |
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