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Regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization

In mammals, the center of the circadian clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Many studies have suggested that there are multiple regions generating different circadian periods within the SCN, but the exact localization of the regions has not been elucidated. In...

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Autores principales: Morimoto, Tadamitsu, Yoshikawa, Tomoko, Nagano, Mamoru, Shigeyoshi, Yasufumi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9578605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36256675
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276372
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author Morimoto, Tadamitsu
Yoshikawa, Tomoko
Nagano, Mamoru
Shigeyoshi, Yasufumi
author_facet Morimoto, Tadamitsu
Yoshikawa, Tomoko
Nagano, Mamoru
Shigeyoshi, Yasufumi
author_sort Morimoto, Tadamitsu
collection PubMed
description In mammals, the center of the circadian clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Many studies have suggested that there are multiple regions generating different circadian periods within the SCN, but the exact localization of the regions has not been elucidated. In this study, using a transgenic rat carrying a destabilized luciferase reporter gene driven by a regulatory element of Per2 gene (Per2::dLuc), we investigated the regional variation of period lengths in horizontal slices of the SCN. We revealed a distinct caudal medial region (short period region, SPR) and a rostro-lateral region (long period region, LPR) that generate circadian rhythms with periods shorter than and longer than 24 hours, respectively. We also found that the core region of the SCN marked by dense VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) mRNA-expressing neurons covered a part of LPR, and that the shell region of the SCN contains both SPR and the rest of the LPR. Furthermore, we observed how synchronization is achieved between regions generating distinct circadian periods in the SCN. We found that the longer circadian rhythm of the rostral region appears to entrain the circadian rhythm in the caudal region. Our findings clarify the localization of regionality of circadian periods and the mechanism by which the integrated circadian rhythm is formed in the SCN.
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spelling pubmed-95786052022-10-19 Regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization Morimoto, Tadamitsu Yoshikawa, Tomoko Nagano, Mamoru Shigeyoshi, Yasufumi PLoS One Research Article In mammals, the center of the circadian clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Many studies have suggested that there are multiple regions generating different circadian periods within the SCN, but the exact localization of the regions has not been elucidated. In this study, using a transgenic rat carrying a destabilized luciferase reporter gene driven by a regulatory element of Per2 gene (Per2::dLuc), we investigated the regional variation of period lengths in horizontal slices of the SCN. We revealed a distinct caudal medial region (short period region, SPR) and a rostro-lateral region (long period region, LPR) that generate circadian rhythms with periods shorter than and longer than 24 hours, respectively. We also found that the core region of the SCN marked by dense VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) mRNA-expressing neurons covered a part of LPR, and that the shell region of the SCN contains both SPR and the rest of the LPR. Furthermore, we observed how synchronization is achieved between regions generating distinct circadian periods in the SCN. We found that the longer circadian rhythm of the rostral region appears to entrain the circadian rhythm in the caudal region. Our findings clarify the localization of regionality of circadian periods and the mechanism by which the integrated circadian rhythm is formed in the SCN. Public Library of Science 2022-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9578605/ /pubmed/36256675 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276372 Text en © 2022 Morimoto et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Morimoto, Tadamitsu
Yoshikawa, Tomoko
Nagano, Mamoru
Shigeyoshi, Yasufumi
Regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization
title Regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization
title_full Regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization
title_fullStr Regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization
title_full_unstemmed Regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization
title_short Regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization
title_sort regionality of short and long period oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and their manner of synchronization
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9578605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36256675
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276372
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