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Amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas
Primary bone sarcomas, including osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (ES), are aggressive tumors with peak incidence in childhood and adolescence. The intense standard treatment for these patients consists of combined surgery and/or radiation and maximal doses of chemotherapy; a regimen that has not...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9581121/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36276057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1001318 |
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author | Jiménez, Jennifer A. Lawlor, Elizabeth R. Lyssiotis, Costas A. |
author_facet | Jiménez, Jennifer A. Lawlor, Elizabeth R. Lyssiotis, Costas A. |
author_sort | Jiménez, Jennifer A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Primary bone sarcomas, including osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (ES), are aggressive tumors with peak incidence in childhood and adolescence. The intense standard treatment for these patients consists of combined surgery and/or radiation and maximal doses of chemotherapy; a regimen that has not seen improvement in decades. Like other tumor types, ES and OS are characterized by dysregulated cellular metabolism and a rewiring of metabolic pathways to support the biosynthetic demands of malignant growth. Not only are cancer cells characterized by Warburg metabolism, or aerobic glycolysis, but emerging work has revealed a dependence on amino acid metabolism. Aside from incorporation into proteins, amino acids serve critical functions in redox balance, energy homeostasis, and epigenetic maintenance. In this review, we summarize current studies describing the amino acid metabolic requirements of primary bone sarcomas, focusing on OS and ES, and compare these dependencies in the normal bone and malignant tumor contexts. We also examine insights that can be gleaned from other cancers to better understand differential metabolic susceptibilities between primary and metastatic tumor microenvironments. Lastly, we discuss potential metabolic vulnerabilities that may be exploited therapeutically and provide better-targeted treatments to improve the current standard of care. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9581121 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95811212022-10-20 Amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas Jiménez, Jennifer A. Lawlor, Elizabeth R. Lyssiotis, Costas A. Front Oncol Oncology Primary bone sarcomas, including osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (ES), are aggressive tumors with peak incidence in childhood and adolescence. The intense standard treatment for these patients consists of combined surgery and/or radiation and maximal doses of chemotherapy; a regimen that has not seen improvement in decades. Like other tumor types, ES and OS are characterized by dysregulated cellular metabolism and a rewiring of metabolic pathways to support the biosynthetic demands of malignant growth. Not only are cancer cells characterized by Warburg metabolism, or aerobic glycolysis, but emerging work has revealed a dependence on amino acid metabolism. Aside from incorporation into proteins, amino acids serve critical functions in redox balance, energy homeostasis, and epigenetic maintenance. In this review, we summarize current studies describing the amino acid metabolic requirements of primary bone sarcomas, focusing on OS and ES, and compare these dependencies in the normal bone and malignant tumor contexts. We also examine insights that can be gleaned from other cancers to better understand differential metabolic susceptibilities between primary and metastatic tumor microenvironments. Lastly, we discuss potential metabolic vulnerabilities that may be exploited therapeutically and provide better-targeted treatments to improve the current standard of care. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC9581121/ /pubmed/36276057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1001318 Text en Copyright © 2022 Jiménez, Lawlor and Lyssiotis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Oncology Jiménez, Jennifer A. Lawlor, Elizabeth R. Lyssiotis, Costas A. Amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas |
title | Amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas |
title_full | Amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas |
title_fullStr | Amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas |
title_full_unstemmed | Amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas |
title_short | Amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas |
title_sort | amino acid metabolism in primary bone sarcomas |
topic | Oncology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9581121/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36276057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.1001318 |
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