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Applying the (15)N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Reactive nitrogen (N) species, such as ammonium (NH(4)(+)), nitrate (NO(3)) and gaseous nitrous oxide (N(2)O), are released into the environment during the degradation of municipal solid waste (MSW), causing persistent environmental problems. Landfill remediation measures, such as in-situ aeration,...

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Autores principales: Fricko, Nora, Wanek, Wolfgang, Fellner, Johann
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9581851/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36219273
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10532-022-10000-7
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author Fricko, Nora
Wanek, Wolfgang
Fellner, Johann
author_facet Fricko, Nora
Wanek, Wolfgang
Fellner, Johann
author_sort Fricko, Nora
collection PubMed
description Reactive nitrogen (N) species, such as ammonium (NH(4)(+)), nitrate (NO(3)) and gaseous nitrous oxide (N(2)O), are released into the environment during the degradation of municipal solid waste (MSW), causing persistent environmental problems. Landfill remediation measures, such as in-situ aeration, may accelerate the degradation of organic compounds and reduce the discharge of ammonium via leachate. Nonetheless, the actual amount of N in the waste material remains relatively constant and a coherent explanation for the decline in leachate ammonium concentrations is still lacking. Hence, the present study aimed to elucidate the dynamics of N and its transformation processes during waste degradation. To this end, the gross rates of organic N mineralization and nitrification were measured using (15)N pool dilution in waste material derived from a landfill simulation reactor (LSR) experiment. The results revealed a high potential for N mineralization and nitrification, the latter of which declined with the diminishing amount of extractable ammonium (after aeration). The analysis of the concentration and isotopic composition of N(2)O formed confirmed incomplete denitrification as the main source for N(2)O. Moreover, the natural abundance of (15)N was investigated in various waste N pools to verify the conclusions drawn from the (15)N tracing experiment. δ(15)N values of total waste N increased during aeration, indicating that nitrification is the major driver for N losses from aerated waste. The application of stable isotopes thereby allowed unprecedented insights into the complex N dynamics in decomposing landfill waste, of their response to aeration and their effect on hydrological versus gaseous loss pathways. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10532-022-10000-7.
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spelling pubmed-95818512022-10-21 Applying the (15)N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions Fricko, Nora Wanek, Wolfgang Fellner, Johann Biodegradation Original Paper Reactive nitrogen (N) species, such as ammonium (NH(4)(+)), nitrate (NO(3)) and gaseous nitrous oxide (N(2)O), are released into the environment during the degradation of municipal solid waste (MSW), causing persistent environmental problems. Landfill remediation measures, such as in-situ aeration, may accelerate the degradation of organic compounds and reduce the discharge of ammonium via leachate. Nonetheless, the actual amount of N in the waste material remains relatively constant and a coherent explanation for the decline in leachate ammonium concentrations is still lacking. Hence, the present study aimed to elucidate the dynamics of N and its transformation processes during waste degradation. To this end, the gross rates of organic N mineralization and nitrification were measured using (15)N pool dilution in waste material derived from a landfill simulation reactor (LSR) experiment. The results revealed a high potential for N mineralization and nitrification, the latter of which declined with the diminishing amount of extractable ammonium (after aeration). The analysis of the concentration and isotopic composition of N(2)O formed confirmed incomplete denitrification as the main source for N(2)O. Moreover, the natural abundance of (15)N was investigated in various waste N pools to verify the conclusions drawn from the (15)N tracing experiment. δ(15)N values of total waste N increased during aeration, indicating that nitrification is the major driver for N losses from aerated waste. The application of stable isotopes thereby allowed unprecedented insights into the complex N dynamics in decomposing landfill waste, of their response to aeration and their effect on hydrological versus gaseous loss pathways. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10532-022-10000-7. Springer Netherlands 2022-10-11 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC9581851/ /pubmed/36219273 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10532-022-10000-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Paper
Fricko, Nora
Wanek, Wolfgang
Fellner, Johann
Applying the (15)N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
title Applying the (15)N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
title_full Applying the (15)N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
title_fullStr Applying the (15)N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
title_full_unstemmed Applying the (15)N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
title_short Applying the (15)N labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
title_sort applying the (15)n labelling technique to material derived from a landfill simulation experiment to understand nitrogen cycle processes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9581851/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36219273
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10532-022-10000-7
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