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Efficient elimination of RNA mycoviruses in aspergillus species using RdRp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-C-methylribonucleoside derivatives
RNA viruses in fungi (mycoviruses) are model systems for understanding the relationships between eukaryotic microorganisms and RNA viruses. To reveal the effects of mycoviruses on host fungi, it is essential to compare the phenotypes between isogenic fungal isolates with or without RNA virus infecti...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9583132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36274709 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1024933 |
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author | Ikeda, Ayano Chiba, Yuto Kuroki, Misa Urayama, Syun-ichi Hagiwara, Daisuke |
author_facet | Ikeda, Ayano Chiba, Yuto Kuroki, Misa Urayama, Syun-ichi Hagiwara, Daisuke |
author_sort | Ikeda, Ayano |
collection | PubMed |
description | RNA viruses in fungi (mycoviruses) are model systems for understanding the relationships between eukaryotic microorganisms and RNA viruses. To reveal the effects of mycoviruses on host fungi, it is essential to compare the phenotypes between isogenic fungal isolates with or without RNA virus infection. Since active entry machinery for RNA mycoviruses has never been identified, introducing mycoviruses to fungi is a difficult and time-consuming process. Therefore, most studies have tried to generate virus-free isolates from infected strains by eliminating the mycovirus. However, methods of elimination have not been evaluated in a quantitative and comparative manner. In this study, we established a method to remove mycoviruses from host cells using the antiviral drugs ribavirin, 2′-C-methylcytidine (2CMC), 2′-C-methyladenosine (2CMA), and 7d2CMA, and compared the efficiency of removal in virus-infected strains of Aspergillus fumigatus. The results indicated that treatment with the drugs removed RNA viruses of diverse proportions in the families Chrysoviridae, Mitoviridae, Partitiviridae, Polymycoviridae, and an unclassified RNA virus group. Viruses belonging to Narnaviridae were hardly eliminated by these antiviral treatments when they were the sole infectious agents. We found that 2CMC showed activity against a wider range of RNA mycoviruses compared to ribavirin, 2CMA, and 7d2CMA, although 7d2CMA also efficiently removed dsRNA viruses from the families Chrysoviridae, Partitiviridae, and Polymycoviridae. These results indicated that removal of mycoviruses depends on the specific viral species and antiviral drug. This is the first report demonstrating a preferential antiviral effect against mycoviruses, which will enhance research on microbial RNA viruses and support their elimination from economically important fungi such as edible mushrooms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9583132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-95831322022-10-21 Efficient elimination of RNA mycoviruses in aspergillus species using RdRp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-C-methylribonucleoside derivatives Ikeda, Ayano Chiba, Yuto Kuroki, Misa Urayama, Syun-ichi Hagiwara, Daisuke Front Microbiol Microbiology RNA viruses in fungi (mycoviruses) are model systems for understanding the relationships between eukaryotic microorganisms and RNA viruses. To reveal the effects of mycoviruses on host fungi, it is essential to compare the phenotypes between isogenic fungal isolates with or without RNA virus infection. Since active entry machinery for RNA mycoviruses has never been identified, introducing mycoviruses to fungi is a difficult and time-consuming process. Therefore, most studies have tried to generate virus-free isolates from infected strains by eliminating the mycovirus. However, methods of elimination have not been evaluated in a quantitative and comparative manner. In this study, we established a method to remove mycoviruses from host cells using the antiviral drugs ribavirin, 2′-C-methylcytidine (2CMC), 2′-C-methyladenosine (2CMA), and 7d2CMA, and compared the efficiency of removal in virus-infected strains of Aspergillus fumigatus. The results indicated that treatment with the drugs removed RNA viruses of diverse proportions in the families Chrysoviridae, Mitoviridae, Partitiviridae, Polymycoviridae, and an unclassified RNA virus group. Viruses belonging to Narnaviridae were hardly eliminated by these antiviral treatments when they were the sole infectious agents. We found that 2CMC showed activity against a wider range of RNA mycoviruses compared to ribavirin, 2CMA, and 7d2CMA, although 7d2CMA also efficiently removed dsRNA viruses from the families Chrysoviridae, Partitiviridae, and Polymycoviridae. These results indicated that removal of mycoviruses depends on the specific viral species and antiviral drug. This is the first report demonstrating a preferential antiviral effect against mycoviruses, which will enhance research on microbial RNA viruses and support their elimination from economically important fungi such as edible mushrooms. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9583132/ /pubmed/36274709 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1024933 Text en Copyright © 2022 Ikeda, Chiba, Kuroki, Urayama and Hagiwara. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Ikeda, Ayano Chiba, Yuto Kuroki, Misa Urayama, Syun-ichi Hagiwara, Daisuke Efficient elimination of RNA mycoviruses in aspergillus species using RdRp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-C-methylribonucleoside derivatives |
title | Efficient elimination of RNA mycoviruses in aspergillus species using RdRp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-C-methylribonucleoside derivatives |
title_full | Efficient elimination of RNA mycoviruses in aspergillus species using RdRp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-C-methylribonucleoside derivatives |
title_fullStr | Efficient elimination of RNA mycoviruses in aspergillus species using RdRp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-C-methylribonucleoside derivatives |
title_full_unstemmed | Efficient elimination of RNA mycoviruses in aspergillus species using RdRp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-C-methylribonucleoside derivatives |
title_short | Efficient elimination of RNA mycoviruses in aspergillus species using RdRp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-C-methylribonucleoside derivatives |
title_sort | efficient elimination of rna mycoviruses in aspergillus species using rdrp-inhibitors ribavirin and 2’-c-methylribonucleoside derivatives |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9583132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36274709 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1024933 |
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