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Prevalence of depression in Uganda: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the most studied mental health disorders, with varying prevalence rates reported across study populations in Uganda. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to determine the pooled prevalence of depression and the prevalence of depression across differe...

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Autores principales: Kaggwa, Mark Mohan, Najjuka, Sarah Maria, Bongomin, Felix, Mamun, Mohammed A., Griffiths, Mark D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9584512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36264962
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276552
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author Kaggwa, Mark Mohan
Najjuka, Sarah Maria
Bongomin, Felix
Mamun, Mohammed A.
Griffiths, Mark D.
author_facet Kaggwa, Mark Mohan
Najjuka, Sarah Maria
Bongomin, Felix
Mamun, Mohammed A.
Griffiths, Mark D.
author_sort Kaggwa, Mark Mohan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the most studied mental health disorders, with varying prevalence rates reported across study populations in Uganda. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to determine the pooled prevalence of depression and the prevalence of depression across different study populations in the country. METHODS: Papers for the review were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, African Journal OnLine, and Google Scholar databases. All included papers were observational studies regarding depression prevalence in Uganda, published before September 2021. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Prevalence Studies was used to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of the included papers, and depression pooled prevalence was determined using a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 127 studies comprising 123,859 individuals were identified. Most studies were conducted among individuals living with HIV (n = 43; 33.9%), and the most frequently used instrument for assessing depression was the Depression sub-section of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (n = 34). The pooled prevalence of depression was 30.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26.7–34.1, I(2) = 99.80, p<0.001). The prevalence of depression was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than during the pre-pandemic period (48.1% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.021). Refugees had the highest prevalence of depression (67.6%; eight studies), followed by war victims (36.0%; 12 studies), individuals living with HIV (28.2%; 43 studies), postpartum or pregnant mothers (26.9%; seven studies), university students (26.9%; four studies), children and adolescents (23.6%; 10 studies), and caregivers of patients (18.5%; six studies). LIMITATION: Significantly high levels of heterogeneity among the studies included. CONCLUSION: Almost one in three individuals in Uganda has depression, with the refugee population being disproportionately affected. Targeted models for depression screening and management across various populations across the country are recommended. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Protocol registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022310122).
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spelling pubmed-95845122022-10-21 Prevalence of depression in Uganda: A systematic review and meta-analysis Kaggwa, Mark Mohan Najjuka, Sarah Maria Bongomin, Felix Mamun, Mohammed A. Griffiths, Mark D. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the most studied mental health disorders, with varying prevalence rates reported across study populations in Uganda. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to determine the pooled prevalence of depression and the prevalence of depression across different study populations in the country. METHODS: Papers for the review were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, African Journal OnLine, and Google Scholar databases. All included papers were observational studies regarding depression prevalence in Uganda, published before September 2021. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Prevalence Studies was used to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of the included papers, and depression pooled prevalence was determined using a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 127 studies comprising 123,859 individuals were identified. Most studies were conducted among individuals living with HIV (n = 43; 33.9%), and the most frequently used instrument for assessing depression was the Depression sub-section of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (n = 34). The pooled prevalence of depression was 30.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26.7–34.1, I(2) = 99.80, p<0.001). The prevalence of depression was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic than during the pre-pandemic period (48.1% vs. 29.3%, p = 0.021). Refugees had the highest prevalence of depression (67.6%; eight studies), followed by war victims (36.0%; 12 studies), individuals living with HIV (28.2%; 43 studies), postpartum or pregnant mothers (26.9%; seven studies), university students (26.9%; four studies), children and adolescents (23.6%; 10 studies), and caregivers of patients (18.5%; six studies). LIMITATION: Significantly high levels of heterogeneity among the studies included. CONCLUSION: Almost one in three individuals in Uganda has depression, with the refugee population being disproportionately affected. Targeted models for depression screening and management across various populations across the country are recommended. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Protocol registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022310122). Public Library of Science 2022-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9584512/ /pubmed/36264962 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276552 Text en © 2022 Kaggwa et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kaggwa, Mark Mohan
Najjuka, Sarah Maria
Bongomin, Felix
Mamun, Mohammed A.
Griffiths, Mark D.
Prevalence of depression in Uganda: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title Prevalence of depression in Uganda: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Prevalence of depression in Uganda: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Prevalence of depression in Uganda: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of depression in Uganda: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Prevalence of depression in Uganda: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort prevalence of depression in uganda: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9584512/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36264962
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276552
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