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Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of 2% lignocaine is reduced in a hot tooth. Local aesthetic agents can be preheated and buffered to increase their effectiveness. The present investigation was carried out due to limited information concerning adult patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibul...

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Autores principales: Gandhi, Namita, Shah, Nimisha, Wahjuningrum, Dian Agustin, Purnomo, Sweetly, Nooshian, Riana, Arora, Suraj, Pawar, Ajinkya M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9587718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36281366
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14187
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author Gandhi, Namita
Shah, Nimisha
Wahjuningrum, Dian Agustin
Purnomo, Sweetly
Nooshian, Riana
Arora, Suraj
Pawar, Ajinkya M.
author_facet Gandhi, Namita
Shah, Nimisha
Wahjuningrum, Dian Agustin
Purnomo, Sweetly
Nooshian, Riana
Arora, Suraj
Pawar, Ajinkya M.
author_sort Gandhi, Namita
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The efficacy of 2% lignocaine is reduced in a hot tooth. Local aesthetic agents can be preheated and buffered to increase their effectiveness. The present investigation was carried out due to limited information concerning adult patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth. METHODS: A total of 252 individuals were included in the clinical trial in accordance with the selection criteria only after clinical study was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2020/09/027796). Scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) and electric pulp test (EPT) on a 1–10 scale were recorded prior to the commencement of therapy. In this double-blinded study, patients were randomly divided by a co-investigator using computer randomisation (www.randomizer.org) into three groups, group A: inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) with 2% lignocaine preheated at 42 °C (injected at 37 °C) (N = 84), group B: IANB of 2% lignocaine buffered with 0.18 ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (N = 80) and group C: 2% lignocaine (N = 88). Excluding the dropouts of individuals (n = 11), wherein the anaesthesia failed, a total of 241 people were finally assessed 15 minutes after profound anaesthesia, endodontic access, and intraoperative pain were quantified using VAS. Pain on injection for all three groups was recorded immediately after IANB with VAS. The analysis was performed using one way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test and Paired T-Test using SPSS version 21. RESULTS: Preheated, Buffered, and conventional 2% lignocaine showed statistically significant reduction in intraoperative pain (P < 0.001) compared to pre-operative but on inter-group comparison preheated and buffered showed highly significant pain reduction compared with conventional 2% lignocaine (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Warm and buffered local anaesthetic (LA) were effective in reducing intraoperative discomfort than conventional LA. Preheated local anesthetics caused the least pain, followed by buffered local anesthetics, while conventional local anesthetics caused the most pain.
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spelling pubmed-95877182022-10-23 Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study Gandhi, Namita Shah, Nimisha Wahjuningrum, Dian Agustin Purnomo, Sweetly Nooshian, Riana Arora, Suraj Pawar, Ajinkya M. PeerJ Anesthesiology and Pain Management BACKGROUND: The efficacy of 2% lignocaine is reduced in a hot tooth. Local aesthetic agents can be preheated and buffered to increase their effectiveness. The present investigation was carried out due to limited information concerning adult patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular teeth. METHODS: A total of 252 individuals were included in the clinical trial in accordance with the selection criteria only after clinical study was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2020/09/027796). Scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) and electric pulp test (EPT) on a 1–10 scale were recorded prior to the commencement of therapy. In this double-blinded study, patients were randomly divided by a co-investigator using computer randomisation (www.randomizer.org) into three groups, group A: inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB) with 2% lignocaine preheated at 42 °C (injected at 37 °C) (N = 84), group B: IANB of 2% lignocaine buffered with 0.18 ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (N = 80) and group C: 2% lignocaine (N = 88). Excluding the dropouts of individuals (n = 11), wherein the anaesthesia failed, a total of 241 people were finally assessed 15 minutes after profound anaesthesia, endodontic access, and intraoperative pain were quantified using VAS. Pain on injection for all three groups was recorded immediately after IANB with VAS. The analysis was performed using one way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test and Paired T-Test using SPSS version 21. RESULTS: Preheated, Buffered, and conventional 2% lignocaine showed statistically significant reduction in intraoperative pain (P < 0.001) compared to pre-operative but on inter-group comparison preheated and buffered showed highly significant pain reduction compared with conventional 2% lignocaine (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Warm and buffered local anaesthetic (LA) were effective in reducing intraoperative discomfort than conventional LA. Preheated local anesthetics caused the least pain, followed by buffered local anesthetics, while conventional local anesthetics caused the most pain. PeerJ Inc. 2022-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9587718/ /pubmed/36281366 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14187 Text en ©2022 Gandhi et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Anesthesiology and Pain Management
Gandhi, Namita
Shah, Nimisha
Wahjuningrum, Dian Agustin
Purnomo, Sweetly
Nooshian, Riana
Arora, Suraj
Pawar, Ajinkya M.
Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
title Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
title_full Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
title_fullStr Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
title_short Evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using IANB with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
title_sort evaluation of pulpal anesthesia and injection pain using ianb with pre-heated, buffered and conventional 2% lignocaine in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis—a randomized clinical study
topic Anesthesiology and Pain Management
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9587718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36281366
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14187
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