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Autophagy controls Wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging Drosophila

Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process in eukaryotic cells that degrades intracellular components in lysosomes, often in an organelle-specific selective manner (mitophagy, ERphagy, etc). Cells also use autophagy as a defense mechanism, eliminating intracellular pathogens via selective degradatio...

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Autores principales: Hargitai, Dávid, Kenéz, Lili, Al-Lami, Muna, Szenczi, Győző, Lőrincz, Péter, Juhász, Gábor
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9589277/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36299486
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.976882
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author Hargitai, Dávid
Kenéz, Lili
Al-Lami, Muna
Szenczi, Győző
Lőrincz, Péter
Juhász, Gábor
author_facet Hargitai, Dávid
Kenéz, Lili
Al-Lami, Muna
Szenczi, Győző
Lőrincz, Péter
Juhász, Gábor
author_sort Hargitai, Dávid
collection PubMed
description Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process in eukaryotic cells that degrades intracellular components in lysosomes, often in an organelle-specific selective manner (mitophagy, ERphagy, etc). Cells also use autophagy as a defense mechanism, eliminating intracellular pathogens via selective degradation known as xenophagy. Wolbachia pipientis is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium, which is one of the most common parasites on Earth affecting approximately half of terrestrial arthropods. Interestingly, infection grants the host resistance against other pathogens and modulates lifespan, so this bacterium resembles an endosymbiont. Here we demonstrate that Drosophila somatic cells normally degrade a subset of these bacterial cells, and autophagy is required for selective elimination of Wolbachia upon antibiotic damage. In line with these, Wolbachia overpopulates in autophagy-compromised animals during aging while its presence fails to affect host lifespan unlike in case of control flies. The autophagic degradation of Wolbachia thus represents a novel antibacterial mechanism that controls the propagation of this unique bacterium, behaving both as parasite and endosymbiont at the same time.
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spelling pubmed-95892772022-10-25 Autophagy controls Wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging Drosophila Hargitai, Dávid Kenéz, Lili Al-Lami, Muna Szenczi, Győző Lőrincz, Péter Juhász, Gábor Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process in eukaryotic cells that degrades intracellular components in lysosomes, often in an organelle-specific selective manner (mitophagy, ERphagy, etc). Cells also use autophagy as a defense mechanism, eliminating intracellular pathogens via selective degradation known as xenophagy. Wolbachia pipientis is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium, which is one of the most common parasites on Earth affecting approximately half of terrestrial arthropods. Interestingly, infection grants the host resistance against other pathogens and modulates lifespan, so this bacterium resembles an endosymbiont. Here we demonstrate that Drosophila somatic cells normally degrade a subset of these bacterial cells, and autophagy is required for selective elimination of Wolbachia upon antibiotic damage. In line with these, Wolbachia overpopulates in autophagy-compromised animals during aging while its presence fails to affect host lifespan unlike in case of control flies. The autophagic degradation of Wolbachia thus represents a novel antibacterial mechanism that controls the propagation of this unique bacterium, behaving both as parasite and endosymbiont at the same time. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9589277/ /pubmed/36299486 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.976882 Text en Copyright © 2022 Hargitai, Kenéz, Al-Lami, Szenczi, Lőrincz and Juhász. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Hargitai, Dávid
Kenéz, Lili
Al-Lami, Muna
Szenczi, Győző
Lőrincz, Péter
Juhász, Gábor
Autophagy controls Wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging Drosophila
title Autophagy controls Wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging Drosophila
title_full Autophagy controls Wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging Drosophila
title_fullStr Autophagy controls Wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging Drosophila
title_full_unstemmed Autophagy controls Wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging Drosophila
title_short Autophagy controls Wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging Drosophila
title_sort autophagy controls wolbachia infection upon bacterial damage and in aging drosophila
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9589277/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36299486
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.976882
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