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Practical Review of the Current Management of Frostbite Injuries

Frostbite is an injury that occurs when the skin and tissues are exposed to temperatures below their freezing point. This type of injury can lead to various complications such as functional loss, chronic pain, and psychological trauma. As such, understanding frostbite management is crucial for optim...

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Autores principales: Zaramo, Taborah Z., Green, Japjit K., Janis, Jeffrey E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9592504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36299821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000004618
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author Zaramo, Taborah Z.
Green, Japjit K.
Janis, Jeffrey E.
author_facet Zaramo, Taborah Z.
Green, Japjit K.
Janis, Jeffrey E.
author_sort Zaramo, Taborah Z.
collection PubMed
description Frostbite is an injury that occurs when the skin and tissues are exposed to temperatures below their freezing point. This type of injury can lead to various complications such as functional loss, chronic pain, and psychological trauma. As such, understanding frostbite management is crucial for optimal patient care. A scoping review was conducted in February 2022 using PubMed, EMBASE, referenced articles and snowballing to identify relevant published articled using the terms “frostbite” and “management” and “surgery. Articles related to pathophysiology, classifications, radiography, complications, and medical and surgical management were included to formulate recommendations for practical management. Two hundred fifty-one articles were identified and 54 met inclusion criteria. Rapid rewarming in warm water (40-42 °C) remains the standard of care. Thrombolytic therapy has been shown in numerous studies to improve tissue salvage. Radiographic imaging has become crucial in the evaluation and management in frostbite injury. Current literature recommends delayed surgery with soft tissue debridement and bone scan-guided amputations. Surgical intervention including debridement, selective blister drainage, fasciotomies, surgical salvage, skin grafts‚ and flaps are often necessary in these patients towards optimizing form and function. The true prevalence and incidence of frostbite injury is unknown. A centralized national database will improve our understanding of the diagnostic and management modalities used in frostbite care. Plastic surgeons have a critical role in the management of frostbite care and must work with an interdisciplinary team to identify the best treatment route for optimal patient care.
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spelling pubmed-95925042022-10-25 Practical Review of the Current Management of Frostbite Injuries Zaramo, Taborah Z. Green, Japjit K. Janis, Jeffrey E. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open Reconstructive Frostbite is an injury that occurs when the skin and tissues are exposed to temperatures below their freezing point. This type of injury can lead to various complications such as functional loss, chronic pain, and psychological trauma. As such, understanding frostbite management is crucial for optimal patient care. A scoping review was conducted in February 2022 using PubMed, EMBASE, referenced articles and snowballing to identify relevant published articled using the terms “frostbite” and “management” and “surgery. Articles related to pathophysiology, classifications, radiography, complications, and medical and surgical management were included to formulate recommendations for practical management. Two hundred fifty-one articles were identified and 54 met inclusion criteria. Rapid rewarming in warm water (40-42 °C) remains the standard of care. Thrombolytic therapy has been shown in numerous studies to improve tissue salvage. Radiographic imaging has become crucial in the evaluation and management in frostbite injury. Current literature recommends delayed surgery with soft tissue debridement and bone scan-guided amputations. Surgical intervention including debridement, selective blister drainage, fasciotomies, surgical salvage, skin grafts‚ and flaps are often necessary in these patients towards optimizing form and function. The true prevalence and incidence of frostbite injury is unknown. A centralized national database will improve our understanding of the diagnostic and management modalities used in frostbite care. Plastic surgeons have a critical role in the management of frostbite care and must work with an interdisciplinary team to identify the best treatment route for optimal patient care. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2022-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9592504/ /pubmed/36299821 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000004618 Text en Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The American Society of Plastic Surgeons. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
spellingShingle Reconstructive
Zaramo, Taborah Z.
Green, Japjit K.
Janis, Jeffrey E.
Practical Review of the Current Management of Frostbite Injuries
title Practical Review of the Current Management of Frostbite Injuries
title_full Practical Review of the Current Management of Frostbite Injuries
title_fullStr Practical Review of the Current Management of Frostbite Injuries
title_full_unstemmed Practical Review of the Current Management of Frostbite Injuries
title_short Practical Review of the Current Management of Frostbite Injuries
title_sort practical review of the current management of frostbite injuries
topic Reconstructive
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9592504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36299821
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000004618
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