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Detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system

A commercial farrow-to-finish farm was suspicious of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) after observing clinical signs of congenital tremors (CT) and splay leg (SL) of newborn pigs. If introduced onto the farrow-to-finish, the two potential routes of introduction could be through replacement gilts o...

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Autores principales: Houston, Grace E., Jones, Cassandra K., Woodworth, Jason C., Palinski, Rachel, Paulk, Chad B., Petznick, Tom, Gebhardt, Jordan T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9593052/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36304415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.998344
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author Houston, Grace E.
Jones, Cassandra K.
Woodworth, Jason C.
Palinski, Rachel
Paulk, Chad B.
Petznick, Tom
Gebhardt, Jordan T.
author_facet Houston, Grace E.
Jones, Cassandra K.
Woodworth, Jason C.
Palinski, Rachel
Paulk, Chad B.
Petznick, Tom
Gebhardt, Jordan T.
author_sort Houston, Grace E.
collection PubMed
description A commercial farrow-to-finish farm was suspicious of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) after observing clinical signs of congenital tremors (CT) and splay leg (SL) of newborn pigs. If introduced onto the farrow-to-finish, the two potential routes of introduction could be through replacement gilts or incoming semen doses. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of clinical APPV within the sampled population, identify the route of APPV introduction to this system, and determine prevalence of detectable APPV RNA within a population of gilt multiplication farm offspring through an isolation nursery and finisher barn. Farrowing records were analyzed for the presence of CT or SL and corresponding parity of the dam. Overall, prevalence of clinically affected litters within batch farrowing groups ranged from 0 to 31%. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on a serum sample from a gilt at the isolation nursery, semen dose for the farrow-to-finish farm, and serum of a CT piglet. Results indicated that the virus circulating in clinically affected piglets was most similar to an incoming semen dose (98.9% nucleotide identity). Blood samples were collected at four time points and revealed APPV clinical prevalence was 37.5–77.5% during the nursery phase and 0–26% during the finisher phase. Oral fluids were also collected during the finisher phase and APPV clinical prevalence was 100% for all sampling time points. In summary, introduction of APPV into naïve herds is associated with increased clinical CT and SL cases and is detectable in asymptomatic pigs during the nursery and finisher production phases. This study found that potential screening tests for APPV could include oral fluids or qRT-PCR analysis of semen doses especially when trying to identify prevalence levels on naïve farm.
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spelling pubmed-95930522022-10-26 Detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system Houston, Grace E. Jones, Cassandra K. Woodworth, Jason C. Palinski, Rachel Paulk, Chad B. Petznick, Tom Gebhardt, Jordan T. Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science A commercial farrow-to-finish farm was suspicious of atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) after observing clinical signs of congenital tremors (CT) and splay leg (SL) of newborn pigs. If introduced onto the farrow-to-finish, the two potential routes of introduction could be through replacement gilts or incoming semen doses. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of clinical APPV within the sampled population, identify the route of APPV introduction to this system, and determine prevalence of detectable APPV RNA within a population of gilt multiplication farm offspring through an isolation nursery and finisher barn. Farrowing records were analyzed for the presence of CT or SL and corresponding parity of the dam. Overall, prevalence of clinically affected litters within batch farrowing groups ranged from 0 to 31%. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on a serum sample from a gilt at the isolation nursery, semen dose for the farrow-to-finish farm, and serum of a CT piglet. Results indicated that the virus circulating in clinically affected piglets was most similar to an incoming semen dose (98.9% nucleotide identity). Blood samples were collected at four time points and revealed APPV clinical prevalence was 37.5–77.5% during the nursery phase and 0–26% during the finisher phase. Oral fluids were also collected during the finisher phase and APPV clinical prevalence was 100% for all sampling time points. In summary, introduction of APPV into naïve herds is associated with increased clinical CT and SL cases and is detectable in asymptomatic pigs during the nursery and finisher production phases. This study found that potential screening tests for APPV could include oral fluids or qRT-PCR analysis of semen doses especially when trying to identify prevalence levels on naïve farm. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-10-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9593052/ /pubmed/36304415 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.998344 Text en Copyright © 2022 Houston, Jones, Woodworth, Palinski, Paulk, Petznick and Gebhardt. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Houston, Grace E.
Jones, Cassandra K.
Woodworth, Jason C.
Palinski, Rachel
Paulk, Chad B.
Petznick, Tom
Gebhardt, Jordan T.
Detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system
title Detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system
title_full Detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system
title_fullStr Detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system
title_full_unstemmed Detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system
title_short Detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system
title_sort detection and investigation of atypical porcine pestivirus in a swine production system
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9593052/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36304415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.998344
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