Role of CYP1A1, CYP2D6, and NOS3 gene polymorphisms in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss in the Iranian Azeri population: A case-control study

BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 1-5% of couples suffer from recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Recent studies have shown the effects of gene polymorphisms in RPL. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate 3 gene polymorphisms including rs1048943 of CYP1A1, rs28371725 of CYP2D6, and rs7830 of NOS3 in idiopathic RPL to identify their association with RPL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 136 women with at least 2 consecutive idiopathic miscarriages (case group) and 136 women with no history of miscarriage and at least one successful pregnancy (control group) from the Iranian Azeri population. This study was carried out between April 2018-April 2020. Amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction was used for the rs7830, rs1048943 and rs28371725 polymorphisms in order to genotype each extracted genomic DNA sample. After that, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and logistic regression were used to investigate whether each of these polymorphisms is associated with RPL. RESULTS: Among these polymorphisms, only rs1048943 of CYP1A1 showed a statistically significant association with RPL in the Iranian Azeri women studied. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms might be associated with a reduced risk of RPL. Further studies in other populations and in the same population with a larger sample size, as well as functional genomics analyses such as gene expression analyses or epigenetic studies are required to validate our results.