Detection of Clones B2-ST131-C2 and A-ST617 in Escherichia coli Producing Both CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-27 from Tunisian Community Patients

During a two-month period (2017–2018), 336 urine samples positive for Escherichia coli were collected from Tunisian patients. Of the 336 samples, 266 were collected from community patients and 70 from hospital settings. In all, 15 ESBL producers were identified (8 and 7, respectively) and assigned to 13 pulsotypes, including four ESBL-producing E. coli (ESBL-E) with E1 and E2 profiles (2 isolates each) from community patients. The two strains E1 were identified as B2-ST131 subclade C2 and the two isolates E2, A-ST617. The four strains carrying both CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-27, exhibited the multireplicon IncFII/F1A/F1B with the same formula F31:A4:B1. Two isolates with patterns E3 and E4 (Dice coefficient, 78.7%) isolated from community and hospital settings of two geographic areas were assigned to the emerging ST131 C1-M27 subclade and contained the replicon F1:A-:B20. The remaining ESBL-E divided into different sequence types/associated CTX-M: 2 ST131-C2/CTX-M-15 and ST744/CTX-M-55, ST617/CTM-15, ST2973/CTX-M-55, ST6448/CTX-M-15, ST224/CTX-M-15, ST1431/CTX-M-15, and ST38/CTX-M-27, one isolate each. Our study reports for the first time the presence in the Tunisian community of two clones of E. coli, including the virulent clone ST131-C2 harboring both CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-27, and confirms the spread of the emergent clone ST131-C1-M-27, notably in community urinary tract infections.