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Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Implications for the Injury Mechanism

This study aimed to establish a finite element model that vividly reflected the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) geometry and investigated the ACL stress distribution under different loading conditions. The ACL’s three-dimensional finite element model was based on a human cadaveric knee. Simulations...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Ren, Shuang, Shi, Huijuan, Liu, Zhenlong, Zhang, Jiahao, Li, Hanjun, Huang, Hongshi, Ao, Yingfang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9598659/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36290558
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9100590
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author Ren, Shuang
Shi, Huijuan
Liu, Zhenlong
Zhang, Jiahao
Li, Hanjun
Huang, Hongshi
Ao, Yingfang
author_facet Ren, Shuang
Shi, Huijuan
Liu, Zhenlong
Zhang, Jiahao
Li, Hanjun
Huang, Hongshi
Ao, Yingfang
author_sort Ren, Shuang
collection PubMed
description This study aimed to establish a finite element model that vividly reflected the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) geometry and investigated the ACL stress distribution under different loading conditions. The ACL’s three-dimensional finite element model was based on a human cadaveric knee. Simulations of three loading conditions (134 N anterior tibial load, 5 Nm external tibial torque, 5 Nm internal tibial torque) on the knee model were performed. Experiments were performed on a knee specimen using a robotic universal force/moment sensor testing system to validate the model. The simulation results of the established model were in good agreement with the experimental results. Under the anterior tibial load, the highest maximal principal stresses (14.884 MPa) were localized at the femoral insertion of the ACL. Under the external and internal tibial torque, the highest maximal principal stresses (0.815 MPa and 0.933 MPa, respectively) were mainly concentrated in the mid-substance of the ACL and near the tibial insertion site, respectively. Combining the location of maximum stress and the location of common clinical ACL rupture, the most dangerous load during ACL injury may be the anterior tibial load. ACL injuries were more frequently loaded by external tibial than internal tibial torque.
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spelling pubmed-95986592022-10-27 Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Implications for the Injury Mechanism Ren, Shuang Shi, Huijuan Liu, Zhenlong Zhang, Jiahao Li, Hanjun Huang, Hongshi Ao, Yingfang Bioengineering (Basel) Article This study aimed to establish a finite element model that vividly reflected the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) geometry and investigated the ACL stress distribution under different loading conditions. The ACL’s three-dimensional finite element model was based on a human cadaveric knee. Simulations of three loading conditions (134 N anterior tibial load, 5 Nm external tibial torque, 5 Nm internal tibial torque) on the knee model were performed. Experiments were performed on a knee specimen using a robotic universal force/moment sensor testing system to validate the model. The simulation results of the established model were in good agreement with the experimental results. Under the anterior tibial load, the highest maximal principal stresses (14.884 MPa) were localized at the femoral insertion of the ACL. Under the external and internal tibial torque, the highest maximal principal stresses (0.815 MPa and 0.933 MPa, respectively) were mainly concentrated in the mid-substance of the ACL and near the tibial insertion site, respectively. Combining the location of maximum stress and the location of common clinical ACL rupture, the most dangerous load during ACL injury may be the anterior tibial load. ACL injuries were more frequently loaded by external tibial than internal tibial torque. MDPI 2022-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9598659/ /pubmed/36290558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9100590 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ren, Shuang
Shi, Huijuan
Liu, Zhenlong
Zhang, Jiahao
Li, Hanjun
Huang, Hongshi
Ao, Yingfang
Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Implications for the Injury Mechanism
title Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Implications for the Injury Mechanism
title_full Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Implications for the Injury Mechanism
title_fullStr Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Implications for the Injury Mechanism
title_full_unstemmed Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Implications for the Injury Mechanism
title_short Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Implications for the Injury Mechanism
title_sort finite element analysis and experimental validation of the anterior cruciate ligament and implications for the injury mechanism
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9598659/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36290558
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9100590
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