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Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations

Hyperthermia is an internal body temperature increase above 40.5 °C; normally internal body temperature is kept constant through natural homeostatic mechanisms. Heat-related illnesses occur due to exposure to high environmental temperatures in conditions in which an organism is unable to maintain ad...

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Autores principales: Savioli, Gabriele, Zanza, Christian, Longhitano, Yaroslava, Nardone, Alba, Varesi, Angelica, Ceresa, Iride Francesca, Manetti, Alice Chiara, Volonnino, Gianpietro, Maiese, Aniello, La Russa, Raffaele
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9599879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36289804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102542
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author Savioli, Gabriele
Zanza, Christian
Longhitano, Yaroslava
Nardone, Alba
Varesi, Angelica
Ceresa, Iride Francesca
Manetti, Alice Chiara
Volonnino, Gianpietro
Maiese, Aniello
La Russa, Raffaele
author_facet Savioli, Gabriele
Zanza, Christian
Longhitano, Yaroslava
Nardone, Alba
Varesi, Angelica
Ceresa, Iride Francesca
Manetti, Alice Chiara
Volonnino, Gianpietro
Maiese, Aniello
La Russa, Raffaele
author_sort Savioli, Gabriele
collection PubMed
description Hyperthermia is an internal body temperature increase above 40.5 °C; normally internal body temperature is kept constant through natural homeostatic mechanisms. Heat-related illnesses occur due to exposure to high environmental temperatures in conditions in which an organism is unable to maintain adequate homeostasis. This can happen, for example, when the organism is unable to dissipate heat adequately. Heat dissipation occurs through evaporation, conduction, convection, and radiation. Heat disease exhibits a continuum of signs and symptoms ranging from minor to major clinical pictures. Minor clinical pictures include cramps, syncope, edema, tetany, and exhaustion. Major clinical pictures include heatstroke and life-threatening heat stroke and typically are expressed in the presence of an extremely high body temperature. There are also some categories of people at greater risk of developing these diseases, due to exposure in particular geographic areas (e.g., hot humid environments), to unchangeable predisposing conditions (e.g., advanced age, young age (i.e., children), diabetes, skin disease with reduced sweating), to modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcoholism, excessive exercise, infections), to partially modifiable risk factors (obesity), to certain types of professional activity (e.g., athletes, military personnel, and outdoor laborers) or to the effects of drug treatment (e.g., beta-blockers, anticholinergics, diuretics). Heat-related illness is largely preventable.
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spelling pubmed-95998792022-10-27 Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations Savioli, Gabriele Zanza, Christian Longhitano, Yaroslava Nardone, Alba Varesi, Angelica Ceresa, Iride Francesca Manetti, Alice Chiara Volonnino, Gianpietro Maiese, Aniello La Russa, Raffaele Biomedicines Review Hyperthermia is an internal body temperature increase above 40.5 °C; normally internal body temperature is kept constant through natural homeostatic mechanisms. Heat-related illnesses occur due to exposure to high environmental temperatures in conditions in which an organism is unable to maintain adequate homeostasis. This can happen, for example, when the organism is unable to dissipate heat adequately. Heat dissipation occurs through evaporation, conduction, convection, and radiation. Heat disease exhibits a continuum of signs and symptoms ranging from minor to major clinical pictures. Minor clinical pictures include cramps, syncope, edema, tetany, and exhaustion. Major clinical pictures include heatstroke and life-threatening heat stroke and typically are expressed in the presence of an extremely high body temperature. There are also some categories of people at greater risk of developing these diseases, due to exposure in particular geographic areas (e.g., hot humid environments), to unchangeable predisposing conditions (e.g., advanced age, young age (i.e., children), diabetes, skin disease with reduced sweating), to modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcoholism, excessive exercise, infections), to partially modifiable risk factors (obesity), to certain types of professional activity (e.g., athletes, military personnel, and outdoor laborers) or to the effects of drug treatment (e.g., beta-blockers, anticholinergics, diuretics). Heat-related illness is largely preventable. MDPI 2022-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9599879/ /pubmed/36289804 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102542 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Savioli, Gabriele
Zanza, Christian
Longhitano, Yaroslava
Nardone, Alba
Varesi, Angelica
Ceresa, Iride Francesca
Manetti, Alice Chiara
Volonnino, Gianpietro
Maiese, Aniello
La Russa, Raffaele
Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations
title Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations
title_full Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations
title_fullStr Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations
title_full_unstemmed Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations
title_short Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations
title_sort heat-related illness in emergency and critical care: recommendations for recognition and management with medico-legal considerations
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9599879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36289804
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102542
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