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Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Perturbed Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Trends and Future Directions

Limbal stem cells constitute an important cell population required for regeneration of the corneal epithelium. If insults to limbal stem cells or their niche are sufficiently severe, a disease known as limbal stem cell deficiency occurs. In the absence of functioning limbal stem cells, vision-compro...

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Autores principales: Masood, Faisal, Chang, Jin-Hong, Akbar, Anosh, Song, Amy, Hu, Wen-Yang, Azar, Dimitri T., Rosenblatt, Mark I.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9600167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36291115
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203247
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author Masood, Faisal
Chang, Jin-Hong
Akbar, Anosh
Song, Amy
Hu, Wen-Yang
Azar, Dimitri T.
Rosenblatt, Mark I.
author_facet Masood, Faisal
Chang, Jin-Hong
Akbar, Anosh
Song, Amy
Hu, Wen-Yang
Azar, Dimitri T.
Rosenblatt, Mark I.
author_sort Masood, Faisal
collection PubMed
description Limbal stem cells constitute an important cell population required for regeneration of the corneal epithelium. If insults to limbal stem cells or their niche are sufficiently severe, a disease known as limbal stem cell deficiency occurs. In the absence of functioning limbal stem cells, vision-compromising conjunctivalization of the corneal epithelium occurs, leading to opacification, inflammation, neovascularization, and chronic scarring. Limbal stem cell transplantation is the standard treatment for unilateral cases of limbal stem cell deficiency, but bilateral cases require allogeneic transplantation. Herein we review the current therapeutic utilization of limbal stem cells. We also describe several limbal stem cell markers that impact their phenotype and function and discuss the possibility of modulating limbal stem cells and other sources of stem cells to facilitate the development of novel therapeutic interventions. We finally consider several hurdles for widespread adoption of these proposed methodologies and discuss how they can be overcome to realize vision-restoring interventions.
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spelling pubmed-96001672022-10-27 Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Perturbed Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Trends and Future Directions Masood, Faisal Chang, Jin-Hong Akbar, Anosh Song, Amy Hu, Wen-Yang Azar, Dimitri T. Rosenblatt, Mark I. Cells Review Limbal stem cells constitute an important cell population required for regeneration of the corneal epithelium. If insults to limbal stem cells or their niche are sufficiently severe, a disease known as limbal stem cell deficiency occurs. In the absence of functioning limbal stem cells, vision-compromising conjunctivalization of the corneal epithelium occurs, leading to opacification, inflammation, neovascularization, and chronic scarring. Limbal stem cell transplantation is the standard treatment for unilateral cases of limbal stem cell deficiency, but bilateral cases require allogeneic transplantation. Herein we review the current therapeutic utilization of limbal stem cells. We also describe several limbal stem cell markers that impact their phenotype and function and discuss the possibility of modulating limbal stem cells and other sources of stem cells to facilitate the development of novel therapeutic interventions. We finally consider several hurdles for widespread adoption of these proposed methodologies and discuss how they can be overcome to realize vision-restoring interventions. MDPI 2022-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9600167/ /pubmed/36291115 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203247 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Masood, Faisal
Chang, Jin-Hong
Akbar, Anosh
Song, Amy
Hu, Wen-Yang
Azar, Dimitri T.
Rosenblatt, Mark I.
Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Perturbed Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Trends and Future Directions
title Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Perturbed Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Trends and Future Directions
title_full Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Perturbed Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Trends and Future Directions
title_fullStr Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Perturbed Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Trends and Future Directions
title_full_unstemmed Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Perturbed Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Trends and Future Directions
title_short Therapeutic Strategies for Restoring Perturbed Corneal Epithelial Homeostasis in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Current Trends and Future Directions
title_sort therapeutic strategies for restoring perturbed corneal epithelial homeostasis in limbal stem cell deficiency: current trends and future directions
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9600167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36291115
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11203247
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