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Intake of Sugar Substitute Gummy Candies Benefits the Glycemic Response in Healthy Adults: A Prospective Crossover Clinical Trial

Sugar reduction in food has attracted great health concerns worldwide. Gummies have been one of the most popular and highly favored candies due to their chewable properties, simplicity to swallow, and delicious taste. The general perception is that gummies raise blood sugar levels, but the truth is...

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Autores principales: Gan, Dan, Xu, Minjun, Chen, Ling, Cui, Shaohua, Deng, Changyong, Qiao, Qian, Guan, Ruimiao, Zhong, Fang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9601933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36286143
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8100642
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author Gan, Dan
Xu, Minjun
Chen, Ling
Cui, Shaohua
Deng, Changyong
Qiao, Qian
Guan, Ruimiao
Zhong, Fang
author_facet Gan, Dan
Xu, Minjun
Chen, Ling
Cui, Shaohua
Deng, Changyong
Qiao, Qian
Guan, Ruimiao
Zhong, Fang
author_sort Gan, Dan
collection PubMed
description Sugar reduction in food has attracted great health concerns worldwide. Gummies have been one of the most popular and highly favored candies due to their chewable properties, simplicity to swallow, and delicious taste. The general perception is that gummies raise blood sugar levels, but the truth is that gummies with the right formula can control glycemic response. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the gummy dosage form and sugar types on the glycemic response control. Maltitol and erythritol as sweetener alternatives were applied in gummy candies (total and partial sugar substitutes gummy, T-SG and P-SG), with sucrose-based gummies used as comparisons (CG). A prospective crossover study was then conducted on 17 healthy adults. The effects of different types of gummies on glycemic response in healthy adults were evaluated on the basis of the participants’ glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) values. Every three-day interval, participants took CG, P-SG, T-SG, and glucose solution, respectively, and the theoretical glucose conversion content was kept the same in all groups for each trial. Each participant performed four tests with each sample and recorded the changes in blood glucose after food consumption. It was found that all three types of gummies slowed down subjects’ glycemic response when not taken in excess, and the improvement effect was in the trend of T-SG > P-SG > CG. Both P-SG and T-SG were low-GI candies (54.1 and 49.9). CG that was not consumed in excess of 17.2 g had a high GI (81.9) but a low GL (<10). Texture analysis and in vitro digestion were used to explore the effect of gummy matrix on glucose release. T-SG and P-SG retained a higher hardness and were less hydrolyzed to release glucose during digestion compared with CG. Additionally, experiments have revealed that gummies can reverse the poor glucose tolerance in women. In conclusion, gummies are a good carrier for dietary supplements due to their sustained-release characteristic of available carbohydrates and provide healthier options for people in control of glucose homeostasis.
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spelling pubmed-96019332022-10-27 Intake of Sugar Substitute Gummy Candies Benefits the Glycemic Response in Healthy Adults: A Prospective Crossover Clinical Trial Gan, Dan Xu, Minjun Chen, Ling Cui, Shaohua Deng, Changyong Qiao, Qian Guan, Ruimiao Zhong, Fang Gels Article Sugar reduction in food has attracted great health concerns worldwide. Gummies have been one of the most popular and highly favored candies due to their chewable properties, simplicity to swallow, and delicious taste. The general perception is that gummies raise blood sugar levels, but the truth is that gummies with the right formula can control glycemic response. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the gummy dosage form and sugar types on the glycemic response control. Maltitol and erythritol as sweetener alternatives were applied in gummy candies (total and partial sugar substitutes gummy, T-SG and P-SG), with sucrose-based gummies used as comparisons (CG). A prospective crossover study was then conducted on 17 healthy adults. The effects of different types of gummies on glycemic response in healthy adults were evaluated on the basis of the participants’ glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) values. Every three-day interval, participants took CG, P-SG, T-SG, and glucose solution, respectively, and the theoretical glucose conversion content was kept the same in all groups for each trial. Each participant performed four tests with each sample and recorded the changes in blood glucose after food consumption. It was found that all three types of gummies slowed down subjects’ glycemic response when not taken in excess, and the improvement effect was in the trend of T-SG > P-SG > CG. Both P-SG and T-SG were low-GI candies (54.1 and 49.9). CG that was not consumed in excess of 17.2 g had a high GI (81.9) but a low GL (<10). Texture analysis and in vitro digestion were used to explore the effect of gummy matrix on glucose release. T-SG and P-SG retained a higher hardness and were less hydrolyzed to release glucose during digestion compared with CG. Additionally, experiments have revealed that gummies can reverse the poor glucose tolerance in women. In conclusion, gummies are a good carrier for dietary supplements due to their sustained-release characteristic of available carbohydrates and provide healthier options for people in control of glucose homeostasis. MDPI 2022-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9601933/ /pubmed/36286143 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8100642 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gan, Dan
Xu, Minjun
Chen, Ling
Cui, Shaohua
Deng, Changyong
Qiao, Qian
Guan, Ruimiao
Zhong, Fang
Intake of Sugar Substitute Gummy Candies Benefits the Glycemic Response in Healthy Adults: A Prospective Crossover Clinical Trial
title Intake of Sugar Substitute Gummy Candies Benefits the Glycemic Response in Healthy Adults: A Prospective Crossover Clinical Trial
title_full Intake of Sugar Substitute Gummy Candies Benefits the Glycemic Response in Healthy Adults: A Prospective Crossover Clinical Trial
title_fullStr Intake of Sugar Substitute Gummy Candies Benefits the Glycemic Response in Healthy Adults: A Prospective Crossover Clinical Trial
title_full_unstemmed Intake of Sugar Substitute Gummy Candies Benefits the Glycemic Response in Healthy Adults: A Prospective Crossover Clinical Trial
title_short Intake of Sugar Substitute Gummy Candies Benefits the Glycemic Response in Healthy Adults: A Prospective Crossover Clinical Trial
title_sort intake of sugar substitute gummy candies benefits the glycemic response in healthy adults: a prospective crossover clinical trial
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9601933/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36286143
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8100642
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