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Cistanche Species Mitogenomes Suggest Diversity and Complexity in Lamiales-Order Mitogenomes

The extreme diversity and complexity of angiosperms is well known. Despite the fact that parasitic plants are angiosperms, little is known about parasitic plant mitogenomic diversity, complexity, and evolution. In this study, we obtained and characterized the mitogenomes of three Cistanche species (...

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Autores principales: Miao, Yujing, Chen, Haimei, Xu, Wanqi, Liu, Chang, Huang, Linfang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9602076/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36292676
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13101791
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author Miao, Yujing
Chen, Haimei
Xu, Wanqi
Liu, Chang
Huang, Linfang
author_facet Miao, Yujing
Chen, Haimei
Xu, Wanqi
Liu, Chang
Huang, Linfang
author_sort Miao, Yujing
collection PubMed
description The extreme diversity and complexity of angiosperms is well known. Despite the fact that parasitic plants are angiosperms, little is known about parasitic plant mitogenomic diversity, complexity, and evolution. In this study, we obtained and characterized the mitogenomes of three Cistanche species (holoparasitic plants) from China to compare the repeats, segment duplication and multi-copy protein-coding genes (PCGs), to clarify the phylogenetic and evolution relationship within the Lamiales order, and to identify the mitochondrial plastid insertions (MTPT) in Cistanche mitogenomes. The results showed that the mitogenome sizes of the three Cistanche species ranged from 1,708,661 to 3,978,341 bp. The Cistanche species genome encodes 75–126 genes, including 37–65 PCGs, 31–58 tRNA genes and 3–5 rRNA genes. Compared with other Lamiales and parasitic species, the Cistanche species showed extremely high rates of multi-copy PCGs, ranging from 0.13 to 0.58 percent of the total number of PCGs. In addition, 37–133 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSRs) were found in these three mitogenomes, the majority of which were the mononucleotides Adenine/Thymine. The interspersed repeats contained forward and palindromic repeats. Furthermore, the segment-duplication sequence size ranged from 199,584 to 2,142,551 bp, accounting for 24.9%, 11.7% and 53.9% of the Cistanche deserticola, Cistanche salsa and Cistanche tubulosa mitogenome, respectively. Furthermore, the Ka/Ks analysis suggested that the atp4, ccmB, ccmFc and matR were probably positively selected during Lamiales evolution. The Cistanche plastome suggested the presence of MTPT. Moreover, 6–12 tRNA, 9–15 PCGs fragments and 3 rRNA gene fragments in the Cistanche mitogenomes were found in the MTPT regions. This work reports the Cistanche species mitogenome for the first time, which will be invaluable for study the mitogenome evolution of Orobanchaceae family.
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spelling pubmed-96020762022-10-27 Cistanche Species Mitogenomes Suggest Diversity and Complexity in Lamiales-Order Mitogenomes Miao, Yujing Chen, Haimei Xu, Wanqi Liu, Chang Huang, Linfang Genes (Basel) Article The extreme diversity and complexity of angiosperms is well known. Despite the fact that parasitic plants are angiosperms, little is known about parasitic plant mitogenomic diversity, complexity, and evolution. In this study, we obtained and characterized the mitogenomes of three Cistanche species (holoparasitic plants) from China to compare the repeats, segment duplication and multi-copy protein-coding genes (PCGs), to clarify the phylogenetic and evolution relationship within the Lamiales order, and to identify the mitochondrial plastid insertions (MTPT) in Cistanche mitogenomes. The results showed that the mitogenome sizes of the three Cistanche species ranged from 1,708,661 to 3,978,341 bp. The Cistanche species genome encodes 75–126 genes, including 37–65 PCGs, 31–58 tRNA genes and 3–5 rRNA genes. Compared with other Lamiales and parasitic species, the Cistanche species showed extremely high rates of multi-copy PCGs, ranging from 0.13 to 0.58 percent of the total number of PCGs. In addition, 37–133 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSRs) were found in these three mitogenomes, the majority of which were the mononucleotides Adenine/Thymine. The interspersed repeats contained forward and palindromic repeats. Furthermore, the segment-duplication sequence size ranged from 199,584 to 2,142,551 bp, accounting for 24.9%, 11.7% and 53.9% of the Cistanche deserticola, Cistanche salsa and Cistanche tubulosa mitogenome, respectively. Furthermore, the Ka/Ks analysis suggested that the atp4, ccmB, ccmFc and matR were probably positively selected during Lamiales evolution. The Cistanche plastome suggested the presence of MTPT. Moreover, 6–12 tRNA, 9–15 PCGs fragments and 3 rRNA gene fragments in the Cistanche mitogenomes were found in the MTPT regions. This work reports the Cistanche species mitogenome for the first time, which will be invaluable for study the mitogenome evolution of Orobanchaceae family. MDPI 2022-10-04 /pmc/articles/PMC9602076/ /pubmed/36292676 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13101791 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Miao, Yujing
Chen, Haimei
Xu, Wanqi
Liu, Chang
Huang, Linfang
Cistanche Species Mitogenomes Suggest Diversity and Complexity in Lamiales-Order Mitogenomes
title Cistanche Species Mitogenomes Suggest Diversity and Complexity in Lamiales-Order Mitogenomes
title_full Cistanche Species Mitogenomes Suggest Diversity and Complexity in Lamiales-Order Mitogenomes
title_fullStr Cistanche Species Mitogenomes Suggest Diversity and Complexity in Lamiales-Order Mitogenomes
title_full_unstemmed Cistanche Species Mitogenomes Suggest Diversity and Complexity in Lamiales-Order Mitogenomes
title_short Cistanche Species Mitogenomes Suggest Diversity and Complexity in Lamiales-Order Mitogenomes
title_sort cistanche species mitogenomes suggest diversity and complexity in lamiales-order mitogenomes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9602076/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36292676
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13101791
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