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COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: Correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting
INTRODUCTION: While a large proportion of people with HIV (PWH) have experienced SARS-CoV-2 infections, there is uncertainty about the role of HIV disease severity on COVID-19 outcomes, especially in lower income settings. We studied the association between mortality and characteristics of HIV sever...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9603837/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36299434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.17.22281085 |
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author | Kassanjee, Reshma Davies, Mary-Ann Ngwenya, Olina Osei-Yeboah, Richard Jacobs, Theuns Morden, Erna Timmerman, Venessa Britz, Stefan Mendelson, Marc Taljaard, Jantjie Riou, Julien Boulle, Andrew Tiffin, Nicki Zinyakatira, Nesbert |
author_facet | Kassanjee, Reshma Davies, Mary-Ann Ngwenya, Olina Osei-Yeboah, Richard Jacobs, Theuns Morden, Erna Timmerman, Venessa Britz, Stefan Mendelson, Marc Taljaard, Jantjie Riou, Julien Boulle, Andrew Tiffin, Nicki Zinyakatira, Nesbert |
author_sort | Kassanjee, Reshma |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: While a large proportion of people with HIV (PWH) have experienced SARS-CoV-2 infections, there is uncertainty about the role of HIV disease severity on COVID-19 outcomes, especially in lower income settings. We studied the association between mortality and characteristics of HIV severity and management, and vaccination, among adult PWH. METHODS: We analysed observational cohort data on all PWH aged ≥15 years experiencing a diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection (until March 2022), who accessed public sector healthcare in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Logistic regression was used to study the association of mortality with CD4 cell count, viral load, evidence of ART, time since first HIV evidence, and vaccination, adjusting for demographic characteristics, comorbidities, admission pressure, location and time period. RESULTS: Mortality occurred in 5.7% (95% CI: 5.3,6.0) of 17 831 first diagnosed infections. Higher mortality was associated with lower recent CD4, no evidence of ART collection, high or unknown recent viral load (among those with ART evidence), and recent first HIV evidence, differentially by age. Vaccination was protective. The burden of comorbidities was high, and tuberculosis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes and hypertension were associated with higher mortality, more strongly in younger adults. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality was strongly associated with suboptimal HIV control, and prevalence of these risk factors increased in later COVID-19 waves. It remains a public health priority to ensure PWH are on suppressive ART and vaccinated, and manage any disruptions in care that occurred during the pandemic. The diagnosis and management of comorbidities, including for tuberculosis, should be optimised. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9603837 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96038372022-10-27 COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: Correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting Kassanjee, Reshma Davies, Mary-Ann Ngwenya, Olina Osei-Yeboah, Richard Jacobs, Theuns Morden, Erna Timmerman, Venessa Britz, Stefan Mendelson, Marc Taljaard, Jantjie Riou, Julien Boulle, Andrew Tiffin, Nicki Zinyakatira, Nesbert medRxiv Article INTRODUCTION: While a large proportion of people with HIV (PWH) have experienced SARS-CoV-2 infections, there is uncertainty about the role of HIV disease severity on COVID-19 outcomes, especially in lower income settings. We studied the association between mortality and characteristics of HIV severity and management, and vaccination, among adult PWH. METHODS: We analysed observational cohort data on all PWH aged ≥15 years experiencing a diagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection (until March 2022), who accessed public sector healthcare in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Logistic regression was used to study the association of mortality with CD4 cell count, viral load, evidence of ART, time since first HIV evidence, and vaccination, adjusting for demographic characteristics, comorbidities, admission pressure, location and time period. RESULTS: Mortality occurred in 5.7% (95% CI: 5.3,6.0) of 17 831 first diagnosed infections. Higher mortality was associated with lower recent CD4, no evidence of ART collection, high or unknown recent viral load (among those with ART evidence), and recent first HIV evidence, differentially by age. Vaccination was protective. The burden of comorbidities was high, and tuberculosis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes and hypertension were associated with higher mortality, more strongly in younger adults. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality was strongly associated with suboptimal HIV control, and prevalence of these risk factors increased in later COVID-19 waves. It remains a public health priority to ensure PWH are on suppressive ART and vaccinated, and manage any disruptions in care that occurred during the pandemic. The diagnosis and management of comorbidities, including for tuberculosis, should be optimised. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2022-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC9603837/ /pubmed/36299434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.17.22281085 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. |
spellingShingle | Article Kassanjee, Reshma Davies, Mary-Ann Ngwenya, Olina Osei-Yeboah, Richard Jacobs, Theuns Morden, Erna Timmerman, Venessa Britz, Stefan Mendelson, Marc Taljaard, Jantjie Riou, Julien Boulle, Andrew Tiffin, Nicki Zinyakatira, Nesbert COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: Correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting |
title | COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: Correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting |
title_full | COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: Correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting |
title_fullStr | COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: Correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting |
title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: Correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting |
title_short | COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: Correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting |
title_sort | covid-19 among adults living with hiv: correlates of mortality in a general population in a resource-limited setting |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9603837/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36299434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.17.22281085 |
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