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TiO(2) Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Eukaryotic Cells: A Double-Edged Sword
Nanoparticulate TiO(2) (TiO(2) NPs) is a widely used material, whose potential toxicity towards eukaryotic cells has been addressed by multiple studies. TiO(2) NPs are considered toxic due to their production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can, among others, lead to cellular damage, inflamm...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9604286/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36293217 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012353 |
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author | Gojznikar, Jan Zdravković, Bogdan Vidak, Marko Leskošek, Brane Ferk, Polonca |
author_facet | Gojznikar, Jan Zdravković, Bogdan Vidak, Marko Leskošek, Brane Ferk, Polonca |
author_sort | Gojznikar, Jan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Nanoparticulate TiO(2) (TiO(2) NPs) is a widely used material, whose potential toxicity towards eukaryotic cells has been addressed by multiple studies. TiO(2) NPs are considered toxic due to their production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can, among others, lead to cellular damage, inflammatory responses, and differences in gene expression. TiO(2) NPs exhibited toxicity in multiple organs in animals, generating potential health risks also in humans, such as developing tumors or progress of preexisting cancer processes. On the other hand, the capability of TiO(2) NPs to induce cell death has found application in photodynamic therapy of cancers. In aquatic environments, much has been done in understanding the impact of TiO(2) on bivalves, in which an effect on hemocytes, among others, is reported. Adversities are also reported from other aquatic organisms, including primary producers. These are affected also on land and though some potential benefit might exist when it comes to agricultural plants, TiO(2) can also lead to cellular damage and should be considered when it comes to transfer along the food chain towards human consumers. In general, much work still needs to be done to unravel the delicate balance between beneficial and detrimental effects of TiO(2) NPs on eukaryotic cells. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9604286 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96042862022-10-27 TiO(2) Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Eukaryotic Cells: A Double-Edged Sword Gojznikar, Jan Zdravković, Bogdan Vidak, Marko Leskošek, Brane Ferk, Polonca Int J Mol Sci Review Nanoparticulate TiO(2) (TiO(2) NPs) is a widely used material, whose potential toxicity towards eukaryotic cells has been addressed by multiple studies. TiO(2) NPs are considered toxic due to their production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can, among others, lead to cellular damage, inflammatory responses, and differences in gene expression. TiO(2) NPs exhibited toxicity in multiple organs in animals, generating potential health risks also in humans, such as developing tumors or progress of preexisting cancer processes. On the other hand, the capability of TiO(2) NPs to induce cell death has found application in photodynamic therapy of cancers. In aquatic environments, much has been done in understanding the impact of TiO(2) on bivalves, in which an effect on hemocytes, among others, is reported. Adversities are also reported from other aquatic organisms, including primary producers. These are affected also on land and though some potential benefit might exist when it comes to agricultural plants, TiO(2) can also lead to cellular damage and should be considered when it comes to transfer along the food chain towards human consumers. In general, much work still needs to be done to unravel the delicate balance between beneficial and detrimental effects of TiO(2) NPs on eukaryotic cells. MDPI 2022-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9604286/ /pubmed/36293217 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012353 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Gojznikar, Jan Zdravković, Bogdan Vidak, Marko Leskošek, Brane Ferk, Polonca TiO(2) Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Eukaryotic Cells: A Double-Edged Sword |
title | TiO(2) Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Eukaryotic Cells: A Double-Edged Sword |
title_full | TiO(2) Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Eukaryotic Cells: A Double-Edged Sword |
title_fullStr | TiO(2) Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Eukaryotic Cells: A Double-Edged Sword |
title_full_unstemmed | TiO(2) Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Eukaryotic Cells: A Double-Edged Sword |
title_short | TiO(2) Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Eukaryotic Cells: A Double-Edged Sword |
title_sort | tio(2) nanoparticles and their effects on eukaryotic cells: a double-edged sword |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9604286/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36293217 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012353 |
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