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Distal Lung Inflammation Assessed by Alveolar Concentration of Nitric Oxide Is an Individualised Biomarker of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia

Pulmonary sequelae as assessed by pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are often reported in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the post-COVID-19 period. Little is known, however, about the status of pulmonary inflammation during clinical recovery after patients’ discharge from the hospitals. We pros...

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Autores principales: Hua-Huy, Thông, Günther, Sven, Lorut, Christine, Subileau, Marielle, Aubourg, Frédérique, Morbieu, Caroline, Marey, Jonathan, Texereau, Joëlle, Fajac, Isabelle, Mouthon, Luc, Roche, Nicolas, Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9605039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36294770
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101631
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author Hua-Huy, Thông
Günther, Sven
Lorut, Christine
Subileau, Marielle
Aubourg, Frédérique
Morbieu, Caroline
Marey, Jonathan
Texereau, Joëlle
Fajac, Isabelle
Mouthon, Luc
Roche, Nicolas
Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan
author_facet Hua-Huy, Thông
Günther, Sven
Lorut, Christine
Subileau, Marielle
Aubourg, Frédérique
Morbieu, Caroline
Marey, Jonathan
Texereau, Joëlle
Fajac, Isabelle
Mouthon, Luc
Roche, Nicolas
Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan
author_sort Hua-Huy, Thông
collection PubMed
description Pulmonary sequelae as assessed by pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are often reported in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the post-COVID-19 period. Little is known, however, about the status of pulmonary inflammation during clinical recovery after patients’ discharge from the hospitals. We prospectively measured PFTs coupled with the exhaled nitric oxide (NO) stemming from the proximal airways (FeNO) and the distal lung (CaNO) in 169 consecutive patients with varying degrees of the severity of COVID-19 six weeks to one year after acute infection by SARS-CoV-2. The proportions of patients with abnormal PFTs, defined as the presence of either obstructive/restrictive patterns or impaired lung gas transfer, or both, increased with the severity of the initial lung disease (15, 30, and 52% in patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19). FeNO values remained within normal ranges and did not differ between the three groups of patients. CaNO, however, was significantly higher in patients with severe or critical COVID-19, compared with patients with milder forms of the disease. There was also an inverse relationship between CaNO and DLCO. We conclude that the residual inflammation of the distal lung is still present in the post-COVID-19 follow-up period, in particular, in those patients with an initially severe form of COVID-19. This long-lasting alveolar inflammation might contribute to the long-term development of pulmonary fibrosis and warrants the regular monitoring of exhaled NO together with PFTs in patients with COVID-19.
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spelling pubmed-96050392022-10-27 Distal Lung Inflammation Assessed by Alveolar Concentration of Nitric Oxide Is an Individualised Biomarker of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia Hua-Huy, Thông Günther, Sven Lorut, Christine Subileau, Marielle Aubourg, Frédérique Morbieu, Caroline Marey, Jonathan Texereau, Joëlle Fajac, Isabelle Mouthon, Luc Roche, Nicolas Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan J Pers Med Article Pulmonary sequelae as assessed by pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are often reported in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the post-COVID-19 period. Little is known, however, about the status of pulmonary inflammation during clinical recovery after patients’ discharge from the hospitals. We prospectively measured PFTs coupled with the exhaled nitric oxide (NO) stemming from the proximal airways (FeNO) and the distal lung (CaNO) in 169 consecutive patients with varying degrees of the severity of COVID-19 six weeks to one year after acute infection by SARS-CoV-2. The proportions of patients with abnormal PFTs, defined as the presence of either obstructive/restrictive patterns or impaired lung gas transfer, or both, increased with the severity of the initial lung disease (15, 30, and 52% in patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19). FeNO values remained within normal ranges and did not differ between the three groups of patients. CaNO, however, was significantly higher in patients with severe or critical COVID-19, compared with patients with milder forms of the disease. There was also an inverse relationship between CaNO and DLCO. We conclude that the residual inflammation of the distal lung is still present in the post-COVID-19 follow-up period, in particular, in those patients with an initially severe form of COVID-19. This long-lasting alveolar inflammation might contribute to the long-term development of pulmonary fibrosis and warrants the regular monitoring of exhaled NO together with PFTs in patients with COVID-19. MDPI 2022-10-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9605039/ /pubmed/36294770 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101631 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hua-Huy, Thông
Günther, Sven
Lorut, Christine
Subileau, Marielle
Aubourg, Frédérique
Morbieu, Caroline
Marey, Jonathan
Texereau, Joëlle
Fajac, Isabelle
Mouthon, Luc
Roche, Nicolas
Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan
Distal Lung Inflammation Assessed by Alveolar Concentration of Nitric Oxide Is an Individualised Biomarker of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
title Distal Lung Inflammation Assessed by Alveolar Concentration of Nitric Oxide Is an Individualised Biomarker of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
title_full Distal Lung Inflammation Assessed by Alveolar Concentration of Nitric Oxide Is an Individualised Biomarker of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
title_fullStr Distal Lung Inflammation Assessed by Alveolar Concentration of Nitric Oxide Is an Individualised Biomarker of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
title_full_unstemmed Distal Lung Inflammation Assessed by Alveolar Concentration of Nitric Oxide Is an Individualised Biomarker of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
title_short Distal Lung Inflammation Assessed by Alveolar Concentration of Nitric Oxide Is an Individualised Biomarker of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
title_sort distal lung inflammation assessed by alveolar concentration of nitric oxide is an individualised biomarker of severe covid-19 pneumonia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9605039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36294770
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101631
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