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Season, Vegetation Proximity and Building Age Shape the Indoor Fungal Communities’ Composition at City-Scale

Exposure to particular microbiome compositions in the built environment can affect human health and well-being. Identifying the drivers of these indoor microbial assemblages is key to controlling the microbiota of the built environment. In the present study, we used culture and metabarcoding of the...

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Autores principales: Niculita-Hirzel, Hélène, Wild, Pascal, Hirzel, Alexandre H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9605656/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36294610
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8101045
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author Niculita-Hirzel, Hélène
Wild, Pascal
Hirzel, Alexandre H.
author_facet Niculita-Hirzel, Hélène
Wild, Pascal
Hirzel, Alexandre H.
author_sort Niculita-Hirzel, Hélène
collection PubMed
description Exposure to particular microbiome compositions in the built environment can affect human health and well-being. Identifying the drivers of these indoor microbial assemblages is key to controlling the microbiota of the built environment. In the present study, we used culture and metabarcoding of the fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer ribosomal RNA region to assess whether small-scale variation in the built environment influences the diversity, composition and structure of indoor air fungal communities between a heating and an unheated season. Passive dust collectors were used to collect airborne fungi from 259 dwellings representative of three major building periods and five building environments in one city—Lausanne (Vaud, Switzerland)—over a heating and an unheated period. A homogenous population (one or two people with an average age of 75 years) inhabited the households. Geographic information systems were used to assess detailed site characteristics (altitude, proximity to forest, fields and parks, proximity to the lake, and density of buildings and roads) for each building. Our analysis indicated that season was the factor that explained most of the variation in colonies forming unit (CFU) concentration and indoor mycobiome composition, followed by the period of building construction. Fungal assemblages were more diverse during the heating season than during the unheated season. Buildings with effective insulation had distinct mycobiome compositions from those built before 1975 — regardless of whether they were constructed with pre-1945 technology and materials or 1945 — 1974 ones. The urban landscape—as a whole—was a significant predictor of cultivable Penicillium load—the closer the building was to the lake, the higher the Penicillium load—but not of fungal community composition. Nevertheless, the relative abundance of eleven fungal taxa detected by metabarcoding decreased significantly with the urbanization gradient. When urban landscape descriptors were analyzed separately, the explanatory power of proximity to vegetation in shaping fungal assemblages become significant, indicating that land cover type had an influence on fungal community structure that was obscured by the effects of building age and sampling season. In conclusion, indoor mycobiomes are strongly modulated by season, and their assemblages are shaped by the effectiveness of building insulation, but are weakly influenced by the urban landscape.
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spelling pubmed-96056562022-10-27 Season, Vegetation Proximity and Building Age Shape the Indoor Fungal Communities’ Composition at City-Scale Niculita-Hirzel, Hélène Wild, Pascal Hirzel, Alexandre H. J Fungi (Basel) Article Exposure to particular microbiome compositions in the built environment can affect human health and well-being. Identifying the drivers of these indoor microbial assemblages is key to controlling the microbiota of the built environment. In the present study, we used culture and metabarcoding of the fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer ribosomal RNA region to assess whether small-scale variation in the built environment influences the diversity, composition and structure of indoor air fungal communities between a heating and an unheated season. Passive dust collectors were used to collect airborne fungi from 259 dwellings representative of three major building periods and five building environments in one city—Lausanne (Vaud, Switzerland)—over a heating and an unheated period. A homogenous population (one or two people with an average age of 75 years) inhabited the households. Geographic information systems were used to assess detailed site characteristics (altitude, proximity to forest, fields and parks, proximity to the lake, and density of buildings and roads) for each building. Our analysis indicated that season was the factor that explained most of the variation in colonies forming unit (CFU) concentration and indoor mycobiome composition, followed by the period of building construction. Fungal assemblages were more diverse during the heating season than during the unheated season. Buildings with effective insulation had distinct mycobiome compositions from those built before 1975 — regardless of whether they were constructed with pre-1945 technology and materials or 1945 — 1974 ones. The urban landscape—as a whole—was a significant predictor of cultivable Penicillium load—the closer the building was to the lake, the higher the Penicillium load—but not of fungal community composition. Nevertheless, the relative abundance of eleven fungal taxa detected by metabarcoding decreased significantly with the urbanization gradient. When urban landscape descriptors were analyzed separately, the explanatory power of proximity to vegetation in shaping fungal assemblages become significant, indicating that land cover type had an influence on fungal community structure that was obscured by the effects of building age and sampling season. In conclusion, indoor mycobiomes are strongly modulated by season, and their assemblages are shaped by the effectiveness of building insulation, but are weakly influenced by the urban landscape. MDPI 2022-10-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9605656/ /pubmed/36294610 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8101045 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Niculita-Hirzel, Hélène
Wild, Pascal
Hirzel, Alexandre H.
Season, Vegetation Proximity and Building Age Shape the Indoor Fungal Communities’ Composition at City-Scale
title Season, Vegetation Proximity and Building Age Shape the Indoor Fungal Communities’ Composition at City-Scale
title_full Season, Vegetation Proximity and Building Age Shape the Indoor Fungal Communities’ Composition at City-Scale
title_fullStr Season, Vegetation Proximity and Building Age Shape the Indoor Fungal Communities’ Composition at City-Scale
title_full_unstemmed Season, Vegetation Proximity and Building Age Shape the Indoor Fungal Communities’ Composition at City-Scale
title_short Season, Vegetation Proximity and Building Age Shape the Indoor Fungal Communities’ Composition at City-Scale
title_sort season, vegetation proximity and building age shape the indoor fungal communities’ composition at city-scale
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9605656/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36294610
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8101045
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