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Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods

Intestinal protozoan infection is a persisting public health problem affecting the populations of developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions. The diagnosis of intestinal protozoa remains a challenge especially in developing countries due to a shortage of laboratory facilities, limi...

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Autores principales: Fitri, Loeki Enggar, Candradikusuma, Didi, Setia, Yulia Dwi, Wibawa, Purwa Adrianta, Iskandar, Agustin, Winaris, Nuning, Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9606991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36287994
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7100253
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author Fitri, Loeki Enggar
Candradikusuma, Didi
Setia, Yulia Dwi
Wibawa, Purwa Adrianta
Iskandar, Agustin
Winaris, Nuning
Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi
author_facet Fitri, Loeki Enggar
Candradikusuma, Didi
Setia, Yulia Dwi
Wibawa, Purwa Adrianta
Iskandar, Agustin
Winaris, Nuning
Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi
author_sort Fitri, Loeki Enggar
collection PubMed
description Intestinal protozoan infection is a persisting public health problem affecting the populations of developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions. The diagnosis of intestinal protozoa remains a challenge especially in developing countries due to a shortage of laboratory facilities, limited health funding, and the remoteness of communities. Despite still being widely used, conventional diagnoses using microscopy and staining methods pose important limitations, particularly due to their low sensitivities and specificities. The selection of diagnostic methods needs to be carefully considered based on the objective of examination, availability of resources, and the expected parasite to be found. In this review, we describe various immunodiagnosis and molecular diagnostic methods for intestinal protozoa infection, including their advantages, disadvantages, and suitability for different settings, with a focus on Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia duodenalis, and Cryptosporidium spp.
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spelling pubmed-96069912022-10-28 Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods Fitri, Loeki Enggar Candradikusuma, Didi Setia, Yulia Dwi Wibawa, Purwa Adrianta Iskandar, Agustin Winaris, Nuning Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi Trop Med Infect Dis Review Intestinal protozoan infection is a persisting public health problem affecting the populations of developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions. The diagnosis of intestinal protozoa remains a challenge especially in developing countries due to a shortage of laboratory facilities, limited health funding, and the remoteness of communities. Despite still being widely used, conventional diagnoses using microscopy and staining methods pose important limitations, particularly due to their low sensitivities and specificities. The selection of diagnostic methods needs to be carefully considered based on the objective of examination, availability of resources, and the expected parasite to be found. In this review, we describe various immunodiagnosis and molecular diagnostic methods for intestinal protozoa infection, including their advantages, disadvantages, and suitability for different settings, with a focus on Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia duodenalis, and Cryptosporidium spp. MDPI 2022-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9606991/ /pubmed/36287994 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7100253 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Fitri, Loeki Enggar
Candradikusuma, Didi
Setia, Yulia Dwi
Wibawa, Purwa Adrianta
Iskandar, Agustin
Winaris, Nuning
Pawestri, Aulia Rahmi
Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods
title Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods
title_full Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods
title_fullStr Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods
title_full_unstemmed Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods
title_short Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods
title_sort diagnostic methods of common intestinal protozoa: current and future immunological and molecular methods
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9606991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36287994
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7100253
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