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Acquired Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns: Positive Impact on Newborn Health through Early Detection

The early diagnosis of and intervention in vitamin B12 deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants by mothers with low vitamin B12 is crucial in preventing possible irreversible neurologic damage, megaloblastic anemia, and failure to thrive. We assess the usefulness of the early detection of asympto...

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Autores principales: Lipari Pinto, Patrícia, Florindo, Cristina, Janeiro, Patrícia, Santos, Rita Loureiro, Mexia, Sandra, Rocha, Hugo, Tavares de Almeida, Isabel, Vilarinho, Laura, Gaspar, Ana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9607322/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36297083
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14204397
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author Lipari Pinto, Patrícia
Florindo, Cristina
Janeiro, Patrícia
Santos, Rita Loureiro
Mexia, Sandra
Rocha, Hugo
Tavares de Almeida, Isabel
Vilarinho, Laura
Gaspar, Ana
author_facet Lipari Pinto, Patrícia
Florindo, Cristina
Janeiro, Patrícia
Santos, Rita Loureiro
Mexia, Sandra
Rocha, Hugo
Tavares de Almeida, Isabel
Vilarinho, Laura
Gaspar, Ana
author_sort Lipari Pinto, Patrícia
collection PubMed
description The early diagnosis of and intervention in vitamin B12 deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants by mothers with low vitamin B12 is crucial in preventing possible irreversible neurologic damage, megaloblastic anemia, and failure to thrive. We assess the usefulness of the early detection of asymptomatic B12 deficiency related to acquired conditions and highlight the importance of monitoring serum vitamin B12 levels during pregnancy. We describe demographic, clinical, dietary, and biochemical data, including the evolution of a vitamin B12 deficiency’s functional biomarkers. We enrolled 12 newborns (5 males) with an age range of 1–2 months old that were exclusively breastfed and asymptomatic. These cases were referred to our metabolic unit due to alterations in expanded newborn screening: high levels of methylmalonic acid and/or total homocysteine (tHcy). All mothers were under a vegetarian diet except three who had abnormal B12 absorption, and all presented low or borderline serum B12 level and high plasma levels of tHcy. Supplementation with oral vitB12 re-established the metabolic homeostasis of the mothers. In infants, therapy with an intramuscular injection of 1.0 mg hydroxocobalamin led to the rapid normalization of the metabolic pattern, and a healthy outcome was observed. Acquired B12 deficiency should be ruled out before proceeding in a differential diagnosis of cobalamin metabolism deficits, methylmalonic acidemia, and homocystinuria.
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spelling pubmed-96073222022-10-28 Acquired Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns: Positive Impact on Newborn Health through Early Detection Lipari Pinto, Patrícia Florindo, Cristina Janeiro, Patrícia Santos, Rita Loureiro Mexia, Sandra Rocha, Hugo Tavares de Almeida, Isabel Vilarinho, Laura Gaspar, Ana Nutrients Article The early diagnosis of and intervention in vitamin B12 deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants by mothers with low vitamin B12 is crucial in preventing possible irreversible neurologic damage, megaloblastic anemia, and failure to thrive. We assess the usefulness of the early detection of asymptomatic B12 deficiency related to acquired conditions and highlight the importance of monitoring serum vitamin B12 levels during pregnancy. We describe demographic, clinical, dietary, and biochemical data, including the evolution of a vitamin B12 deficiency’s functional biomarkers. We enrolled 12 newborns (5 males) with an age range of 1–2 months old that were exclusively breastfed and asymptomatic. These cases were referred to our metabolic unit due to alterations in expanded newborn screening: high levels of methylmalonic acid and/or total homocysteine (tHcy). All mothers were under a vegetarian diet except three who had abnormal B12 absorption, and all presented low or borderline serum B12 level and high plasma levels of tHcy. Supplementation with oral vitB12 re-established the metabolic homeostasis of the mothers. In infants, therapy with an intramuscular injection of 1.0 mg hydroxocobalamin led to the rapid normalization of the metabolic pattern, and a healthy outcome was observed. Acquired B12 deficiency should be ruled out before proceeding in a differential diagnosis of cobalamin metabolism deficits, methylmalonic acidemia, and homocystinuria. MDPI 2022-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9607322/ /pubmed/36297083 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14204397 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lipari Pinto, Patrícia
Florindo, Cristina
Janeiro, Patrícia
Santos, Rita Loureiro
Mexia, Sandra
Rocha, Hugo
Tavares de Almeida, Isabel
Vilarinho, Laura
Gaspar, Ana
Acquired Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns: Positive Impact on Newborn Health through Early Detection
title Acquired Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns: Positive Impact on Newborn Health through Early Detection
title_full Acquired Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns: Positive Impact on Newborn Health through Early Detection
title_fullStr Acquired Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns: Positive Impact on Newborn Health through Early Detection
title_full_unstemmed Acquired Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns: Positive Impact on Newborn Health through Early Detection
title_short Acquired Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns: Positive Impact on Newborn Health through Early Detection
title_sort acquired vitamin b12 deficiency in newborns: positive impact on newborn health through early detection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9607322/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36297083
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14204397
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