Cargando…

Prevalence and Genomic Sequence Analysis of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus in the United States

Hepadnaviruses are partially double-stranded DNA viruses that infect a variety of species. The prototypical virus in this family is the human hepatitis B virus, which chronically infects approximately 400 million people worldwide and is a risk factor for progressive liver disease and liver cancer. T...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Stone, Cassidy, Petch, Raegan, Gagne, Roderick B., Nehring, Mary, Tu, Thomas, Beatty, Julia A., VandeWoude, Sue
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9607532/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298647
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102091
_version_ 1784818568630632448
author Stone, Cassidy
Petch, Raegan
Gagne, Roderick B.
Nehring, Mary
Tu, Thomas
Beatty, Julia A.
VandeWoude, Sue
author_facet Stone, Cassidy
Petch, Raegan
Gagne, Roderick B.
Nehring, Mary
Tu, Thomas
Beatty, Julia A.
VandeWoude, Sue
author_sort Stone, Cassidy
collection PubMed
description Hepadnaviruses are partially double-stranded DNA viruses that infect a variety of species. The prototypical virus in this family is the human hepatitis B virus, which chronically infects approximately 400 million people worldwide and is a risk factor for progressive liver disease and liver cancer. The first hepadnavirus isolated from carnivores was a domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH), initially identified in Australia and subsequently detected in cats in Europe and Asia. As with all characterized hepadnaviruses so far, DCH infection has been associated with hepatic disease in its host. Prevalence of this infection in the United States has not been explored broadly. Thus, we utilized conventional and quantitative PCR to screen several populations of domestic cats to estimate DCH prevalence in the United States. We detected DCH DNA in 1 out of 496 animals (0.2%) in the U.S. cohort. In contrast, we detected circulating DCH DNA in 7 positive animals from a cohort of 67 domestic cats from Australia (10.4%), consistent with previous studies. The complete consensus genome of the U.S. DCH isolate was sequenced by Sanger sequencing with overlapping PCR products. An in-frame deletion of 157 bp was identified in the N-terminus of the core open reading frame. The deletion begins at the direct repeat 1 sequence (i.e., the 5′ end of the expected double-stranded linear DNA form), consistent with covalently closed circular DNA resultant from illegitimate recombination described in other hepadnaviruses. Comparative genome sequence analysis indicated that the closest described relatives of the U.S. DCH isolate are those previously isolated in Italy. Motif analysis supports DCH using NTCP as an entry receptor, similar to human HBV. Our work indicates that chronic DCH prevalence in the U.S. is likely low compared to other countries.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9607532
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-96075322022-10-28 Prevalence and Genomic Sequence Analysis of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus in the United States Stone, Cassidy Petch, Raegan Gagne, Roderick B. Nehring, Mary Tu, Thomas Beatty, Julia A. VandeWoude, Sue Viruses Article Hepadnaviruses are partially double-stranded DNA viruses that infect a variety of species. The prototypical virus in this family is the human hepatitis B virus, which chronically infects approximately 400 million people worldwide and is a risk factor for progressive liver disease and liver cancer. The first hepadnavirus isolated from carnivores was a domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH), initially identified in Australia and subsequently detected in cats in Europe and Asia. As with all characterized hepadnaviruses so far, DCH infection has been associated with hepatic disease in its host. Prevalence of this infection in the United States has not been explored broadly. Thus, we utilized conventional and quantitative PCR to screen several populations of domestic cats to estimate DCH prevalence in the United States. We detected DCH DNA in 1 out of 496 animals (0.2%) in the U.S. cohort. In contrast, we detected circulating DCH DNA in 7 positive animals from a cohort of 67 domestic cats from Australia (10.4%), consistent with previous studies. The complete consensus genome of the U.S. DCH isolate was sequenced by Sanger sequencing with overlapping PCR products. An in-frame deletion of 157 bp was identified in the N-terminus of the core open reading frame. The deletion begins at the direct repeat 1 sequence (i.e., the 5′ end of the expected double-stranded linear DNA form), consistent with covalently closed circular DNA resultant from illegitimate recombination described in other hepadnaviruses. Comparative genome sequence analysis indicated that the closest described relatives of the U.S. DCH isolate are those previously isolated in Italy. Motif analysis supports DCH using NTCP as an entry receptor, similar to human HBV. Our work indicates that chronic DCH prevalence in the U.S. is likely low compared to other countries. MDPI 2022-09-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9607532/ /pubmed/36298647 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102091 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Stone, Cassidy
Petch, Raegan
Gagne, Roderick B.
Nehring, Mary
Tu, Thomas
Beatty, Julia A.
VandeWoude, Sue
Prevalence and Genomic Sequence Analysis of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus in the United States
title Prevalence and Genomic Sequence Analysis of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus in the United States
title_full Prevalence and Genomic Sequence Analysis of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus in the United States
title_fullStr Prevalence and Genomic Sequence Analysis of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus in the United States
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and Genomic Sequence Analysis of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus in the United States
title_short Prevalence and Genomic Sequence Analysis of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus in the United States
title_sort prevalence and genomic sequence analysis of domestic cat hepadnavirus in the united states
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9607532/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298647
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102091
work_keys_str_mv AT stonecassidy prevalenceandgenomicsequenceanalysisofdomesticcathepadnavirusintheunitedstates
AT petchraegan prevalenceandgenomicsequenceanalysisofdomesticcathepadnavirusintheunitedstates
AT gagneroderickb prevalenceandgenomicsequenceanalysisofdomesticcathepadnavirusintheunitedstates
AT nehringmary prevalenceandgenomicsequenceanalysisofdomesticcathepadnavirusintheunitedstates
AT tuthomas prevalenceandgenomicsequenceanalysisofdomesticcathepadnavirusintheunitedstates
AT beattyjuliaa prevalenceandgenomicsequenceanalysisofdomesticcathepadnavirusintheunitedstates
AT vandewoudesue prevalenceandgenomicsequenceanalysisofdomesticcathepadnavirusintheunitedstates