Prevalence and factors associated with tobacco use among beneficiaries attending the youth mental health promotion clinics (Yuvaspandana Kendra) in India: A case-record analysis

INTRODUCTION: Chewing tobacco and smoking among youth leads to poor health outcomes. Understanding the factors associated with chewing tobacco and smoking is thus important for interventions. METHODS: A case-record analysis among 10340 youth (aged 15–35 years) attending a unique mental health promotion program, Yuva Spandana, across the state of Karnataka in southern India, was performed to assess prevalence of chewing tobacco and smoking. Multiple logistic regression was applied to determine the factors associated with their use. RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of chewing tobacco and smoking among beneficiaries was 3% and 2.1%, respectively. The risk of tobacco chewing and smoking increased with age and risk was higher among males, married individuals and among all occupational categories, other than students. Adjusted odds ratios of chewing tobacco were found to be highest among business/salaried beneficiaries (AOR=3.48; 95% CI: 2.27–5.34), followed by ever married beneficiaries (AOR=3.41; 95% CI: 1.27–9.17). Adjusted odds ratios of smoking tobacco were highest among males (AOR=12.89; 95% CI: 7.5–22.14), followed by emotional experience of feeling worthless (AOR=4.19; 95% CI: 2.78–6.32), beneficiaries with poor relationship with family members (AOR=3.79; 95% CI: 1.38–10.44), and business/salaried beneficiaries (AOR=2.90; 95% CI: 1.79–4.7). Strength of association of males with smoking was much higher (AOR=12.89; 95% CI: 7.5–22.14) than compared with chewing tobacco (AOR=2.49; 95% CI: 1.89–3.28). CONCLUSIONS: Early identification of these factors associated with chewing tobacco and smoking will help in focusing on youth specific health promotion and interventions to improve their overall health and wellbeing.