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The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview

There are multiple concerns associated with methotrexate (MTX), widely recognized for anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects in life-threatening disease conditions, i.e., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to long-term side effects a...

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Autores principales: Marin, Gheorghe-Eduard, Neag, Maria-Adriana, Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin, Buzoianu, Anca-Dana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9608860/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36296329
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10102053
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author Marin, Gheorghe-Eduard
Neag, Maria-Adriana
Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin
Buzoianu, Anca-Dana
author_facet Marin, Gheorghe-Eduard
Neag, Maria-Adriana
Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin
Buzoianu, Anca-Dana
author_sort Marin, Gheorghe-Eduard
collection PubMed
description There are multiple concerns associated with methotrexate (MTX), widely recognized for anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects in life-threatening disease conditions, i.e., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to long-term side effects and associated toxicity, which limits its valuable potential. MTX acts as an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, leading to suppression of purine and pyrimidine synthesis in high metabolic and turnover cells, targeting cancer and dysregulated immune cells. Due to low discrimination between neoplastic cells and naturally high turnover cells, MTX is prone to inhibiting the division of all fast-dividing cells, causing toxicity in multiple organs. Nutraceutical compounds are plant-based or food-derived compounds, used for their preventive and therapeutic role, ascertained in multiple organ dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites take part in multiple physiological processes, their dysregulation being involved in disease pathogenesis. Modulation of gut microbiota by using nutraceutical compounds represents a promising therapeutic direction to restore intestinal dysfunction associated with MTX treatment. In this review, we address the main organ dysfunctions induced by MTX treatment, and modulations of them by using nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, we revealed the protective mechanisms of nutraceuticals in MTX-induced intestinal dysfunctions by modulation of gut microbiota.
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spelling pubmed-96088602022-10-28 The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview Marin, Gheorghe-Eduard Neag, Maria-Adriana Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin Buzoianu, Anca-Dana Microorganisms Review There are multiple concerns associated with methotrexate (MTX), widely recognized for anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects in life-threatening disease conditions, i.e., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to long-term side effects and associated toxicity, which limits its valuable potential. MTX acts as an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, leading to suppression of purine and pyrimidine synthesis in high metabolic and turnover cells, targeting cancer and dysregulated immune cells. Due to low discrimination between neoplastic cells and naturally high turnover cells, MTX is prone to inhibiting the division of all fast-dividing cells, causing toxicity in multiple organs. Nutraceutical compounds are plant-based or food-derived compounds, used for their preventive and therapeutic role, ascertained in multiple organ dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites take part in multiple physiological processes, their dysregulation being involved in disease pathogenesis. Modulation of gut microbiota by using nutraceutical compounds represents a promising therapeutic direction to restore intestinal dysfunction associated with MTX treatment. In this review, we address the main organ dysfunctions induced by MTX treatment, and modulations of them by using nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, we revealed the protective mechanisms of nutraceuticals in MTX-induced intestinal dysfunctions by modulation of gut microbiota. MDPI 2022-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9608860/ /pubmed/36296329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10102053 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Marin, Gheorghe-Eduard
Neag, Maria-Adriana
Burlacu, Codrin-Constantin
Buzoianu, Anca-Dana
The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview
title The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview
title_full The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview
title_fullStr The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview
title_full_unstemmed The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview
title_short The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview
title_sort protective effects of nutraceutical components in methotrexate-induced toxicity models—an overview
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9608860/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36296329
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10102053
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