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Preparation of Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers and Their Performance and Mechanism of Broadband Microwave Absorption

Developing microwave absorbing composites with lightweight and wide absorption bands is an essential direction for electromagnetic wave stealth and shielding application. In this article, PAN/PMMA blend fibers and sheath-core blend fibers with PAN/PMMA as the sheath and PMMA as the core were spun by...

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Autores principales: Shao, Rui, Wang, Fang, Yang, Shenglin, Jin, Junhong, Li, Guang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9609914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36295334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207273
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author Shao, Rui
Wang, Fang
Yang, Shenglin
Jin, Junhong
Li, Guang
author_facet Shao, Rui
Wang, Fang
Yang, Shenglin
Jin, Junhong
Li, Guang
author_sort Shao, Rui
collection PubMed
description Developing microwave absorbing composites with lightweight and wide absorption bands is an essential direction for electromagnetic wave stealth and shielding application. In this article, PAN/PMMA blend fibers and sheath-core blend fibers with PAN/PMMA as the sheath and PMMA as the core were spun by uniaxial and coaxial electrostatic spinning, respectively. Porous carbon nanofiber (PCNF) and hollow porous carbon nanofiber (HPCNF) were obtained after pre-oxidation and carbonization of the corresponding two precursor fibers. The microwave absorption composite samples with PCNF and HPCNF as absorbents and paraffin as matrix were prepared, respectively. Their electromagnetic parameters were investigated by the reflective-transmission network parameter method. The microwave absorption properties of the corresponding composites were calculated based on a model for a single-layer planewave absorber from electromagnetic parameters. The results showed diversity between the microwave absorbing performance of the composites filled with PCNF and HPCNF. HPCNF performs better than PCNF as an absorbent; that is, the lowest reflection loss of composite filled with HPCNF is −20.26 dB and the effective bandwidth (lower than −10 dB) is to 4.56 GHz, while the lowest reflection loss of a composite filled with PCNF is −13.70 dB, and the effective bandwidth (lower than −10 dB) is 2.68 GHz when the absorbent content is 7%, and the thickness is 3 mm. Much lower reflection loss and a wider absorption band could be expected from HPCNF. The presence of a hollow structure in HPCNF, which may increase the degree of polarization and provide more interfaces for the interference phase extinction of reflected electromagnetic waves, might help to improve the attenuation of electromagnetic waves and broaden the absorption band.
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spelling pubmed-96099142022-10-28 Preparation of Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers and Their Performance and Mechanism of Broadband Microwave Absorption Shao, Rui Wang, Fang Yang, Shenglin Jin, Junhong Li, Guang Materials (Basel) Article Developing microwave absorbing composites with lightweight and wide absorption bands is an essential direction for electromagnetic wave stealth and shielding application. In this article, PAN/PMMA blend fibers and sheath-core blend fibers with PAN/PMMA as the sheath and PMMA as the core were spun by uniaxial and coaxial electrostatic spinning, respectively. Porous carbon nanofiber (PCNF) and hollow porous carbon nanofiber (HPCNF) were obtained after pre-oxidation and carbonization of the corresponding two precursor fibers. The microwave absorption composite samples with PCNF and HPCNF as absorbents and paraffin as matrix were prepared, respectively. Their electromagnetic parameters were investigated by the reflective-transmission network parameter method. The microwave absorption properties of the corresponding composites were calculated based on a model for a single-layer planewave absorber from electromagnetic parameters. The results showed diversity between the microwave absorbing performance of the composites filled with PCNF and HPCNF. HPCNF performs better than PCNF as an absorbent; that is, the lowest reflection loss of composite filled with HPCNF is −20.26 dB and the effective bandwidth (lower than −10 dB) is to 4.56 GHz, while the lowest reflection loss of a composite filled with PCNF is −13.70 dB, and the effective bandwidth (lower than −10 dB) is 2.68 GHz when the absorbent content is 7%, and the thickness is 3 mm. Much lower reflection loss and a wider absorption band could be expected from HPCNF. The presence of a hollow structure in HPCNF, which may increase the degree of polarization and provide more interfaces for the interference phase extinction of reflected electromagnetic waves, might help to improve the attenuation of electromagnetic waves and broaden the absorption band. MDPI 2022-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9609914/ /pubmed/36295334 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207273 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shao, Rui
Wang, Fang
Yang, Shenglin
Jin, Junhong
Li, Guang
Preparation of Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers and Their Performance and Mechanism of Broadband Microwave Absorption
title Preparation of Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers and Their Performance and Mechanism of Broadband Microwave Absorption
title_full Preparation of Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers and Their Performance and Mechanism of Broadband Microwave Absorption
title_fullStr Preparation of Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers and Their Performance and Mechanism of Broadband Microwave Absorption
title_full_unstemmed Preparation of Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers and Their Performance and Mechanism of Broadband Microwave Absorption
title_short Preparation of Hollow Porous Carbon Nanofibers and Their Performance and Mechanism of Broadband Microwave Absorption
title_sort preparation of hollow porous carbon nanofibers and their performance and mechanism of broadband microwave absorption
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9609914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36295334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207273
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