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Polarization Calibration of a Microwave Polarimeter with Near-Infrared Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection

This paper presents a polarization calibration method applied to a microwave polarimeter demonstrator based on a near-infrared (NIR) frequency up-conversion stage that allows both optical correlation and signal detection at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The instrument was designed to measure the polariza...

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Autores principales: Casas, Francisco J., Vielva, Patricio, Barreiro, R. Belen, Martínez-González, Enrique, Pascual-Cisneros, G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9609977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298431
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22208080
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author Casas, Francisco J.
Vielva, Patricio
Barreiro, R. Belen
Martínez-González, Enrique
Pascual-Cisneros, G.
author_facet Casas, Francisco J.
Vielva, Patricio
Barreiro, R. Belen
Martínez-González, Enrique
Pascual-Cisneros, G.
author_sort Casas, Francisco J.
collection PubMed
description This paper presents a polarization calibration method applied to a microwave polarimeter demonstrator based on a near-infrared (NIR) frequency up-conversion stage that allows both optical correlation and signal detection at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The instrument was designed to measure the polarization of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation from the sky, obtaining the Stokes parameters of the incoming signal simultaneously, in a frequency range from 10 to 20 GHz. A linearly polarized input signal with a variable polarization angle is used as excitation in the polarimeter calibration setup mounted in the laboratory. The polarimeter systematic errors can be corrected with the proposed calibration procedure, achieving high levels of polarization efficiency (low polarization percentage errors) and low polarization angle errors. The calibration method is based on the fitting of polarization errors by means of sinusoidal functions composed of additive or multiplicative terms. The accuracy of the fitting increases with the number of terms in such a way that the typical error levels required in low-frequency CMB experiments can be achieved with only a few terms in the fitting functions. On the other hand, assuming that the calibration signal is known with the required accuracy, additional terms can be calculated to reach the error levels needed in ultrasensitive B-mode polarization CMB experiments.
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spelling pubmed-96099772022-10-28 Polarization Calibration of a Microwave Polarimeter with Near-Infrared Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection Casas, Francisco J. Vielva, Patricio Barreiro, R. Belen Martínez-González, Enrique Pascual-Cisneros, G. Sensors (Basel) Article This paper presents a polarization calibration method applied to a microwave polarimeter demonstrator based on a near-infrared (NIR) frequency up-conversion stage that allows both optical correlation and signal detection at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The instrument was designed to measure the polarization of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation from the sky, obtaining the Stokes parameters of the incoming signal simultaneously, in a frequency range from 10 to 20 GHz. A linearly polarized input signal with a variable polarization angle is used as excitation in the polarimeter calibration setup mounted in the laboratory. The polarimeter systematic errors can be corrected with the proposed calibration procedure, achieving high levels of polarization efficiency (low polarization percentage errors) and low polarization angle errors. The calibration method is based on the fitting of polarization errors by means of sinusoidal functions composed of additive or multiplicative terms. The accuracy of the fitting increases with the number of terms in such a way that the typical error levels required in low-frequency CMB experiments can be achieved with only a few terms in the fitting functions. On the other hand, assuming that the calibration signal is known with the required accuracy, additional terms can be calculated to reach the error levels needed in ultrasensitive B-mode polarization CMB experiments. MDPI 2022-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9609977/ /pubmed/36298431 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22208080 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Casas, Francisco J.
Vielva, Patricio
Barreiro, R. Belen
Martínez-González, Enrique
Pascual-Cisneros, G.
Polarization Calibration of a Microwave Polarimeter with Near-Infrared Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection
title Polarization Calibration of a Microwave Polarimeter with Near-Infrared Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection
title_full Polarization Calibration of a Microwave Polarimeter with Near-Infrared Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection
title_fullStr Polarization Calibration of a Microwave Polarimeter with Near-Infrared Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection
title_full_unstemmed Polarization Calibration of a Microwave Polarimeter with Near-Infrared Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection
title_short Polarization Calibration of a Microwave Polarimeter with Near-Infrared Up-Conversion for Optical Correlation and Detection
title_sort polarization calibration of a microwave polarimeter with near-infrared up-conversion for optical correlation and detection
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9609977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298431
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22208080
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