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The “www” of Xenopus laevis Oocytes: The Why, When, What of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Membrane Transporters Research
After 50 years, the heterologous expression of proteins in Xenopus laevis oocytes is still essential in many research fields. New approaches and revised protocols, but also classical methods, such as the two-electrode voltage clamp, are applied in studying membrane transporters. New and old methods...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9610376/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36295686 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12100927 |
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author | Bhatt, Manan Di Iacovo, Angela Romanazzi, Tiziana Roseti, Cristina Cinquetti, Raffaella Bossi, Elena |
author_facet | Bhatt, Manan Di Iacovo, Angela Romanazzi, Tiziana Roseti, Cristina Cinquetti, Raffaella Bossi, Elena |
author_sort | Bhatt, Manan |
collection | PubMed |
description | After 50 years, the heterologous expression of proteins in Xenopus laevis oocytes is still essential in many research fields. New approaches and revised protocols, but also classical methods, such as the two-electrode voltage clamp, are applied in studying membrane transporters. New and old methods for investigating the activity and the expression of Solute Carriers (SLC) are reviewed, and the kinds of experiment that are still useful to perform with this kind of cell are reported. Xenopus laevis oocytes at the full-grown stage have a highly efficient biosynthetic apparatus that correctly targets functional proteins at the defined compartment. This small protein factory can produce, fold, and localize almost any kind of wild-type or recombinant protein; some tricks are required to obtain high expression and to verify the functionality. The methodologies examined here are mainly related to research in the field of membrane transporters. This work is certainly not exhaustive; it has been carried out to be helpful to researchers who want to quickly find suggestions and detailed indications when investigating the functionality and expression of the different members of the solute carrier families. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9610376 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96103762022-10-28 The “www” of Xenopus laevis Oocytes: The Why, When, What of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Membrane Transporters Research Bhatt, Manan Di Iacovo, Angela Romanazzi, Tiziana Roseti, Cristina Cinquetti, Raffaella Bossi, Elena Membranes (Basel) Review After 50 years, the heterologous expression of proteins in Xenopus laevis oocytes is still essential in many research fields. New approaches and revised protocols, but also classical methods, such as the two-electrode voltage clamp, are applied in studying membrane transporters. New and old methods for investigating the activity and the expression of Solute Carriers (SLC) are reviewed, and the kinds of experiment that are still useful to perform with this kind of cell are reported. Xenopus laevis oocytes at the full-grown stage have a highly efficient biosynthetic apparatus that correctly targets functional proteins at the defined compartment. This small protein factory can produce, fold, and localize almost any kind of wild-type or recombinant protein; some tricks are required to obtain high expression and to verify the functionality. The methodologies examined here are mainly related to research in the field of membrane transporters. This work is certainly not exhaustive; it has been carried out to be helpful to researchers who want to quickly find suggestions and detailed indications when investigating the functionality and expression of the different members of the solute carrier families. MDPI 2022-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9610376/ /pubmed/36295686 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12100927 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Bhatt, Manan Di Iacovo, Angela Romanazzi, Tiziana Roseti, Cristina Cinquetti, Raffaella Bossi, Elena The “www” of Xenopus laevis Oocytes: The Why, When, What of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Membrane Transporters Research |
title | The “www” of Xenopus laevis Oocytes: The Why, When, What of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Membrane Transporters Research |
title_full | The “www” of Xenopus laevis Oocytes: The Why, When, What of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Membrane Transporters Research |
title_fullStr | The “www” of Xenopus laevis Oocytes: The Why, When, What of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Membrane Transporters Research |
title_full_unstemmed | The “www” of Xenopus laevis Oocytes: The Why, When, What of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Membrane Transporters Research |
title_short | The “www” of Xenopus laevis Oocytes: The Why, When, What of Xenopus laevis Oocytes in Membrane Transporters Research |
title_sort | “www” of xenopus laevis oocytes: the why, when, what of xenopus laevis oocytes in membrane transporters research |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9610376/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36295686 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12100927 |
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