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Low NETosis Induced in Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Cells
Anaplasma phagocytophilum are obligatory intracellular bacteria that preferentially replicate inside leukocytes by utilizing biological compounds and processes of these primary host defensive cells. In this study, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to further characterize A. phagocytophilum–host...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9610684/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101756 |
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author | Artigas-Jerónimo, Sara González-García, Almudena de la Fuente, José Blanda, Valeria Shekarkar Azgomi, Mojtaba Villar, Margarita Mohammadnezhad, Leila Grippi, Francesca Torina, Alessandra Sireci, Guido |
author_facet | Artigas-Jerónimo, Sara González-García, Almudena de la Fuente, José Blanda, Valeria Shekarkar Azgomi, Mojtaba Villar, Margarita Mohammadnezhad, Leila Grippi, Francesca Torina, Alessandra Sireci, Guido |
author_sort | Artigas-Jerónimo, Sara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Anaplasma phagocytophilum are obligatory intracellular bacteria that preferentially replicate inside leukocytes by utilizing biological compounds and processes of these primary host defensive cells. In this study, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to further characterize A. phagocytophilum–host interactions using the neutrophil-like model of human Caucasian promyelocytic leukemia HL60 cells. We detected a hierarchy of molecules involved in A. phagocytophilum-HL60 interactions with overrepresentation in infected human cells of proteins involved in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathway and cell surface monocyte markers. As A. phagocytophilum phagocytosis by neutrophils is inhibited, the results suggested a possible explanation for our bioinformatics data: radical oxygen compounds could induce the killing of bacteria activating NETosis, a unique form of defense mechanism resulting in cell death that is characterized by the release of decondensed chromatin and granular contents to the extracellular space, forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to eliminate invading microorganisms. Thus, we confirmed the existence of a low NETosis induced in A. phagocytophilum-infected cells by immunofluorescence (IF) experiments. These results provide new insights into the complex mechanisms that govern immune response during A. phagocytophilum host interactions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9610684 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96106842022-10-28 Low NETosis Induced in Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Cells Artigas-Jerónimo, Sara González-García, Almudena de la Fuente, José Blanda, Valeria Shekarkar Azgomi, Mojtaba Villar, Margarita Mohammadnezhad, Leila Grippi, Francesca Torina, Alessandra Sireci, Guido Vaccines (Basel) Article Anaplasma phagocytophilum are obligatory intracellular bacteria that preferentially replicate inside leukocytes by utilizing biological compounds and processes of these primary host defensive cells. In this study, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to further characterize A. phagocytophilum–host interactions using the neutrophil-like model of human Caucasian promyelocytic leukemia HL60 cells. We detected a hierarchy of molecules involved in A. phagocytophilum-HL60 interactions with overrepresentation in infected human cells of proteins involved in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathway and cell surface monocyte markers. As A. phagocytophilum phagocytosis by neutrophils is inhibited, the results suggested a possible explanation for our bioinformatics data: radical oxygen compounds could induce the killing of bacteria activating NETosis, a unique form of defense mechanism resulting in cell death that is characterized by the release of decondensed chromatin and granular contents to the extracellular space, forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to eliminate invading microorganisms. Thus, we confirmed the existence of a low NETosis induced in A. phagocytophilum-infected cells by immunofluorescence (IF) experiments. These results provide new insights into the complex mechanisms that govern immune response during A. phagocytophilum host interactions. MDPI 2022-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9610684/ /pubmed/36298621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101756 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Artigas-Jerónimo, Sara González-García, Almudena de la Fuente, José Blanda, Valeria Shekarkar Azgomi, Mojtaba Villar, Margarita Mohammadnezhad, Leila Grippi, Francesca Torina, Alessandra Sireci, Guido Low NETosis Induced in Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Cells |
title | Low NETosis Induced in Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Cells |
title_full | Low NETosis Induced in Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Cells |
title_fullStr | Low NETosis Induced in Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Low NETosis Induced in Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Cells |
title_short | Low NETosis Induced in Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Cells |
title_sort | low netosis induced in anaplasma phagocytophilum-infected cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9610684/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101756 |
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