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Multifunctional Characteristics of Carbon Fibers Modified with Imidazolium Ionic Liquids

A multifunctional designing approach is of great importance for advanced composite applications. This study assessed the use of ionic liquids (ILs) to modify the surface of carbon fiber (CF) and impart multifunctional characteristics to it. For that, ethanolic solutions of different ILs, 1-butyl-3-m...

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Autores principales: Ghafoor, Bilal, Schrekker, Henri Stephan, Amico, Sandro Campos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36296593
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207001
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author Ghafoor, Bilal
Schrekker, Henri Stephan
Amico, Sandro Campos
author_facet Ghafoor, Bilal
Schrekker, Henri Stephan
Amico, Sandro Campos
author_sort Ghafoor, Bilal
collection PubMed
description A multifunctional designing approach is of great importance for advanced composite applications. This study assessed the use of ionic liquids (ILs) to modify the surface of carbon fiber (CF) and impart multifunctional characteristics to it. For that, ethanolic solutions of different ILs, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride, at different concentrations, were used to treat the CF. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of IL on the CF surface. The contact angle for 1% w/v IL-treated CF and DGEBA epoxy decreased by up to 35%, corresponding to an increase in surface energy of fiber, accompanied by an increase of 91% in interfacial shear strength. These enhancements were achieved with the hydroxy-functionalized IL, showing the tunability of CF properties through the N-imidazolium substituent. An increase in crystallite size along the basal plane was also found due to the ordering of the graphitic structure on the surface. Moreover, there was a decrease in electrical resistivity of 77%. In all, the imidazolium ILs were considered a promising approach to induce multifunctional characteristics, namely enhanced interfacial strength and electrical conductivity, to unsized CF, which can also be beneficial for recycled fibers without deteriorating their inherent surface properties.
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spelling pubmed-96111412022-10-28 Multifunctional Characteristics of Carbon Fibers Modified with Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Ghafoor, Bilal Schrekker, Henri Stephan Amico, Sandro Campos Molecules Article A multifunctional designing approach is of great importance for advanced composite applications. This study assessed the use of ionic liquids (ILs) to modify the surface of carbon fiber (CF) and impart multifunctional characteristics to it. For that, ethanolic solutions of different ILs, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride, at different concentrations, were used to treat the CF. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of IL on the CF surface. The contact angle for 1% w/v IL-treated CF and DGEBA epoxy decreased by up to 35%, corresponding to an increase in surface energy of fiber, accompanied by an increase of 91% in interfacial shear strength. These enhancements were achieved with the hydroxy-functionalized IL, showing the tunability of CF properties through the N-imidazolium substituent. An increase in crystallite size along the basal plane was also found due to the ordering of the graphitic structure on the surface. Moreover, there was a decrease in electrical resistivity of 77%. In all, the imidazolium ILs were considered a promising approach to induce multifunctional characteristics, namely enhanced interfacial strength and electrical conductivity, to unsized CF, which can also be beneficial for recycled fibers without deteriorating their inherent surface properties. MDPI 2022-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9611141/ /pubmed/36296593 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207001 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ghafoor, Bilal
Schrekker, Henri Stephan
Amico, Sandro Campos
Multifunctional Characteristics of Carbon Fibers Modified with Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
title Multifunctional Characteristics of Carbon Fibers Modified with Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
title_full Multifunctional Characteristics of Carbon Fibers Modified with Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
title_fullStr Multifunctional Characteristics of Carbon Fibers Modified with Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
title_full_unstemmed Multifunctional Characteristics of Carbon Fibers Modified with Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
title_short Multifunctional Characteristics of Carbon Fibers Modified with Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
title_sort multifunctional characteristics of carbon fibers modified with imidazolium ionic liquids
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36296593
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207001
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