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The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review
Recently, there was an abundance of studies being conducted on the metabolomic profiling of tuberculosis patients. Amino acids are critical metabolites for the immune system, as they might contribute to providing nutrients for the host intracellular pathway. In tuberculosis, several amino acids play...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611225/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36295834 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12100933 |
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author | Amalia, Fiki Syamsunarno, Mas Rizky A. A. Triatin, Rima Destya Fatimah, Siti Nur Chaidir, Lidya Achmad, Tri Hanggono |
author_facet | Amalia, Fiki Syamsunarno, Mas Rizky A. A. Triatin, Rima Destya Fatimah, Siti Nur Chaidir, Lidya Achmad, Tri Hanggono |
author_sort | Amalia, Fiki |
collection | PubMed |
description | Recently, there was an abundance of studies being conducted on the metabolomic profiling of tuberculosis patients. Amino acids are critical metabolites for the immune system, as they might contribute to providing nutrients for the host intracellular pathway. In tuberculosis, several amino acids play important roles in both the mycobacteria infection mechanism and the host. Individual studies showed how the dynamics of metabolite products that result from interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the host play important roles in different stages of infection. In this review, we focus on the dynamics of amino-acid metabolism and identify the prominent roles of amino acids in the diagnostics and treatment of tuberculosis infection. Online resources, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Clinical Key, were used to search for articles with combination keywords of amino acids and TB. The inclusion criteria were full-text articles in English published in the last 10 years. Most amino acids were decreased in patients with active TB compared with those with latent TB and healthy controls. However, some amino acids, including leucine, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, aspartate, and glutamate, were found to be at higher levels in TB patients. Additionally, the biomarkers of Mtb infection included the ratios of kynurenine to tryptophan, phenylalanine to histidine, and citrulline to arginine. Most amino acids were present at different levels in different stages of infection and disease progression. The search for additional roles played by those metabolomic biomarkers in each stage of infection might facilitate diagnostic tools for staging TB infection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9611225 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96112252022-10-28 The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review Amalia, Fiki Syamsunarno, Mas Rizky A. A. Triatin, Rima Destya Fatimah, Siti Nur Chaidir, Lidya Achmad, Tri Hanggono Metabolites Review Recently, there was an abundance of studies being conducted on the metabolomic profiling of tuberculosis patients. Amino acids are critical metabolites for the immune system, as they might contribute to providing nutrients for the host intracellular pathway. In tuberculosis, several amino acids play important roles in both the mycobacteria infection mechanism and the host. Individual studies showed how the dynamics of metabolite products that result from interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the host play important roles in different stages of infection. In this review, we focus on the dynamics of amino-acid metabolism and identify the prominent roles of amino acids in the diagnostics and treatment of tuberculosis infection. Online resources, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Clinical Key, were used to search for articles with combination keywords of amino acids and TB. The inclusion criteria were full-text articles in English published in the last 10 years. Most amino acids were decreased in patients with active TB compared with those with latent TB and healthy controls. However, some amino acids, including leucine, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, aspartate, and glutamate, were found to be at higher levels in TB patients. Additionally, the biomarkers of Mtb infection included the ratios of kynurenine to tryptophan, phenylalanine to histidine, and citrulline to arginine. Most amino acids were present at different levels in different stages of infection and disease progression. The search for additional roles played by those metabolomic biomarkers in each stage of infection might facilitate diagnostic tools for staging TB infection. MDPI 2022-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9611225/ /pubmed/36295834 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12100933 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Amalia, Fiki Syamsunarno, Mas Rizky A. A. Triatin, Rima Destya Fatimah, Siti Nur Chaidir, Lidya Achmad, Tri Hanggono The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review |
title | The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review |
title_full | The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review |
title_fullStr | The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review |
title_short | The Role of Amino Acids in Tuberculosis Infection: A Literature Review |
title_sort | role of amino acids in tuberculosis infection: a literature review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611225/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36295834 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12100933 |
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