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The Prevalence, Genotype Distribution and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Tunisia: A National-Based Study
There are limited national population-based studies on HPV genotypes distribution in Tunisia, thus making difficult an assessment of the burden of vaccine-preventable cervical cancer. In this context, we conducted a national survey to determine the HPV prevalence and genotypes distribution and the r...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611589/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102175 |
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author | Ardhaoui, Monia Letaief, Hejer Ennaifer, Emna Bougatef, Souha Lassili, Thelja Bel Haj Rhouma, Rahima Fehri, Emna Ouerhani, Kaouther Guizani, Ikram Mchela, Myriam Chahed, Karim Chahed, Mohamed Kouni Boubaker, Mohamed Samir Bouafif Ben Alaya, Nissaf |
author_facet | Ardhaoui, Monia Letaief, Hejer Ennaifer, Emna Bougatef, Souha Lassili, Thelja Bel Haj Rhouma, Rahima Fehri, Emna Ouerhani, Kaouther Guizani, Ikram Mchela, Myriam Chahed, Karim Chahed, Mohamed Kouni Boubaker, Mohamed Samir Bouafif Ben Alaya, Nissaf |
author_sort | Ardhaoui, Monia |
collection | PubMed |
description | There are limited national population-based studies on HPV genotypes distribution in Tunisia, thus making difficult an assessment of the burden of vaccine-preventable cervical cancer. In this context, we conducted a national survey to determine the HPV prevalence and genotypes distribution and the risk factors for HPV infections in Tunisian women. This is a cross-sectional study performed between December 2012 and December 2014. A liquid-based Pap smear sample was obtained from all women and samples’ DNAs were extracted. Only women with betaglobin-positive PCR were further analysed for HPV detection and typing by a nested-PCR of the L1 region followed by next-generation sequencing. A multiple logistic regression model was used for the analysis of associations between the variables. A total of 1517 women were enrolled in this study, and 1229 out of the 1517 cervical samples were positive for the betaglobin control PCR and tested for HPV. Overall HPV infection prevalence was measured to be 7.8% (96/1229), with significant differences between the grand regions, ranging from 2% in the North to 13.1% in Grand Tunis. High-risk HPV genotypes accounted for 5% of the infections. The most prevalent genotypes were HPV 31 (1%), 16 (0.9%), 59 (0.7%). HPV18 was detected only in four cases of the study population. Potential risk factors were living in Grand Tunis region (OR: 7.94 [2.74–22.99]), married status (OR: 2.74 [1.23–6.13]), smoking habit (OR: 2.73 [1.35–5.51]), occupation (OR: 1.81 [1.09–3.01]) and women with multiple sexual partners (OR: 1.91 [1.07–3.39]). These findings underscore the need to evaluate the cost effectiveness of HPV vaccine implementation, contribute to the evidence on the burden of HPV infections, the critical role of sexual behaviour and socioeconomic status, and call for increased support to the preventive program of cervical cancer in Tunisia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9611589 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96115892022-10-28 The Prevalence, Genotype Distribution and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Tunisia: A National-Based Study Ardhaoui, Monia Letaief, Hejer Ennaifer, Emna Bougatef, Souha Lassili, Thelja Bel Haj Rhouma, Rahima Fehri, Emna Ouerhani, Kaouther Guizani, Ikram Mchela, Myriam Chahed, Karim Chahed, Mohamed Kouni Boubaker, Mohamed Samir Bouafif Ben Alaya, Nissaf Viruses Article There are limited national population-based studies on HPV genotypes distribution in Tunisia, thus making difficult an assessment of the burden of vaccine-preventable cervical cancer. In this context, we conducted a national survey to determine the HPV prevalence and genotypes distribution and the risk factors for HPV infections in Tunisian women. This is a cross-sectional study performed between December 2012 and December 2014. A liquid-based Pap smear sample was obtained from all women and samples’ DNAs were extracted. Only women with betaglobin-positive PCR were further analysed for HPV detection and typing by a nested-PCR of the L1 region followed by next-generation sequencing. A multiple logistic regression model was used for the analysis of associations between the variables. A total of 1517 women were enrolled in this study, and 1229 out of the 1517 cervical samples were positive for the betaglobin control PCR and tested for HPV. Overall HPV infection prevalence was measured to be 7.8% (96/1229), with significant differences between the grand regions, ranging from 2% in the North to 13.1% in Grand Tunis. High-risk HPV genotypes accounted for 5% of the infections. The most prevalent genotypes were HPV 31 (1%), 16 (0.9%), 59 (0.7%). HPV18 was detected only in four cases of the study population. Potential risk factors were living in Grand Tunis region (OR: 7.94 [2.74–22.99]), married status (OR: 2.74 [1.23–6.13]), smoking habit (OR: 2.73 [1.35–5.51]), occupation (OR: 1.81 [1.09–3.01]) and women with multiple sexual partners (OR: 1.91 [1.07–3.39]). These findings underscore the need to evaluate the cost effectiveness of HPV vaccine implementation, contribute to the evidence on the burden of HPV infections, the critical role of sexual behaviour and socioeconomic status, and call for increased support to the preventive program of cervical cancer in Tunisia. MDPI 2022-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC9611589/ /pubmed/36298732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102175 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ardhaoui, Monia Letaief, Hejer Ennaifer, Emna Bougatef, Souha Lassili, Thelja Bel Haj Rhouma, Rahima Fehri, Emna Ouerhani, Kaouther Guizani, Ikram Mchela, Myriam Chahed, Karim Chahed, Mohamed Kouni Boubaker, Mohamed Samir Bouafif Ben Alaya, Nissaf The Prevalence, Genotype Distribution and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Tunisia: A National-Based Study |
title | The Prevalence, Genotype Distribution and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Tunisia: A National-Based Study |
title_full | The Prevalence, Genotype Distribution and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Tunisia: A National-Based Study |
title_fullStr | The Prevalence, Genotype Distribution and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Tunisia: A National-Based Study |
title_full_unstemmed | The Prevalence, Genotype Distribution and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Tunisia: A National-Based Study |
title_short | The Prevalence, Genotype Distribution and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Tunisia: A National-Based Study |
title_sort | prevalence, genotype distribution and risk factors of human papillomavirus in tunisia: a national-based study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611589/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298732 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102175 |
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