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Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus
Cowpox virus (CPXV; genus Orthopoxvirus; family Poxviridae) is the causative agent of cowpox, a self-limiting zoonotic infection. CPXV is endemic in Eurasia, and human CPXV infections are associated with exposure to infected animals. In the Fennoscandian region, five CPXVs isolated from cats and hum...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298689 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102134 |
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author | Diaz-Cánova, Diana Mavian, Carla Brinkmann, Annika Nitsche, Andreas Moens, Ugo Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi |
author_facet | Diaz-Cánova, Diana Mavian, Carla Brinkmann, Annika Nitsche, Andreas Moens, Ugo Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi |
author_sort | Diaz-Cánova, Diana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cowpox virus (CPXV; genus Orthopoxvirus; family Poxviridae) is the causative agent of cowpox, a self-limiting zoonotic infection. CPXV is endemic in Eurasia, and human CPXV infections are associated with exposure to infected animals. In the Fennoscandian region, five CPXVs isolated from cats and humans were collected and used in this study. We report the complete sequence of their genomes, which ranged in size from 220–222 kbp, containing between 215 and 219 open reading frames. The phylogenetic analysis of 87 orthopoxvirus strains, including the Fennoscandian CPXV isolates, confirmed the division of CPXV strains into at least five distinct major clusters (CPXV-like 1, CPXV-like 2, VACV-like, VARV-like and ECTV-Abatino-like) and can be further divided into eighteen sub-species based on the genetic and patristic distances. Bayesian time-scaled evolutionary history of CPXV was reconstructed employing concatenated 62 non-recombinant conserved genes of 55 CPXV. The CPXV evolution rate was calculated to be 1.65 × 10(−5) substitution/site/year. Our findings confirmed that CPXV is not a single species but a polyphyletic assemblage of several species and thus, a reclassification is warranted. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9611595 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96115952022-10-28 Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus Diaz-Cánova, Diana Mavian, Carla Brinkmann, Annika Nitsche, Andreas Moens, Ugo Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi Viruses Article Cowpox virus (CPXV; genus Orthopoxvirus; family Poxviridae) is the causative agent of cowpox, a self-limiting zoonotic infection. CPXV is endemic in Eurasia, and human CPXV infections are associated with exposure to infected animals. In the Fennoscandian region, five CPXVs isolated from cats and humans were collected and used in this study. We report the complete sequence of their genomes, which ranged in size from 220–222 kbp, containing between 215 and 219 open reading frames. The phylogenetic analysis of 87 orthopoxvirus strains, including the Fennoscandian CPXV isolates, confirmed the division of CPXV strains into at least five distinct major clusters (CPXV-like 1, CPXV-like 2, VACV-like, VARV-like and ECTV-Abatino-like) and can be further divided into eighteen sub-species based on the genetic and patristic distances. Bayesian time-scaled evolutionary history of CPXV was reconstructed employing concatenated 62 non-recombinant conserved genes of 55 CPXV. The CPXV evolution rate was calculated to be 1.65 × 10(−5) substitution/site/year. Our findings confirmed that CPXV is not a single species but a polyphyletic assemblage of several species and thus, a reclassification is warranted. MDPI 2022-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC9611595/ /pubmed/36298689 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102134 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Diaz-Cánova, Diana Mavian, Carla Brinkmann, Annika Nitsche, Andreas Moens, Ugo Okeke, Malachy Ifeanyi Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus |
title | Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus |
title_full | Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus |
title_fullStr | Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus |
title_full_unstemmed | Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus |
title_short | Genomic Sequencing and Phylogenomics of Cowpox Virus |
title_sort | genomic sequencing and phylogenomics of cowpox virus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9611595/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36298689 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102134 |
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